历年大学英语四级阅读真题答案解析：健康饮食

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历年大学英语四级阅读真题答案解析：健康饮食 1

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Food-as-Medicine Movement Is Witnessing Progress

[A] Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some idea on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is healthy. “Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning?” he asks her. “The frozen oranges and apples are a little cheaper, and fruits are really good for the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare, you can take the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next morning.”

[B] Scott is delighted to get food advice from a physician who is program director of the nearby Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center’s ‘Shop with Your Doc’ program sends doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around with questions.

[C] Nadeau notices the pre-made macaroni (通心粉)-and-cheese boxes in Scott’s shopping cart and suggests she switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese. “So I’d have to make it?”she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. “I’m not sure they’d eat it. They just won’t eat it.”

[D] Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.” Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.

[E] Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been around for decades, but it’s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications (药物). By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as ‘Shop with your Doc’, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. “There’s no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food choices,” Nadeau says.

[F] In the big picture, says Dr. Richard Afable, CEO and president of ST. Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. “We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food,” says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospital’s medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. “We want people to understand what they’re eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives.”

[G] In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine — that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.

[H] “It’s a different paradigm(范式) of how to treat disease,” says Dr. Brenda Rea, who helps run the family and preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patients’ nutritional habits. The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.

[I] Many people don’t know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient’s family. “What people eat can be medicine or poison,” Rea says. “As a physician, nutrition is one of the most powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term disease.”

[J] Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation(炎症), for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer cells. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet — particularly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.

[K] “As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen,” says Nguyen. “In the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can have a bigger voice in it.”

36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.

37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.

38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.

39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.

40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.

41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.

42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.

43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.

44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.

45. Americans’ high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.

大学英语四级长篇阅读真题参考答案：

D 36. More than half the food Americans eat is factory-produced.

B 37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.

G 38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.

A 39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.

I 40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.

F 41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teachers patients how to cook it.

C 42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.

J 43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.

E 44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.

G 45. Americans’ high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.

大学英语四级长篇阅读真题答案解析：

36. 答案：D

解析：D段中In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food与该题干More than half the food Americans eat is factory-produced.属于同义替换。

37. 答案：B

解析：B段中的 The center’s ‘Shop with Your Doc’ program sends doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients与该题干There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.属于同义替换。

38. 答案：G

解析：G段中Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases与该题干There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.属于同义替换。

39. 答案：A

解析：A段中Juices are quick and easy to prepare, you can take the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next morning.与该题干 A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.属于同义替换。

40. 答案：I

解析：I 段中 So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patient’s life. 与该题干Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.属于同义替换。

41. 答案：F

解析：F段中 The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. 与该题干One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.属于同义替换。

42. 答案：C

解析：C段中“So I’d have to make it?”she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. “I’m not sure they’d eat it. They just won’t eat it.”与该题干Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.属于同义替换。

43. 答案：J

解析：J段中的`In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet — particularly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.与该题干Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.属于同义替换。

44. 答案：E

解析：E段中的 The food-as-medicine movement has been around for decades, but it’s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications (药物). 与该题干Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.属于同义替换。

45. 答案：G

解析：G段中的the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. 与该题干Americans’ high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.属于同义替换。

历年大学英语四级阅读真题答案解析：健康饮食 2

We have all heard the saying."You are what you eat." But how many of us are willing to admit that the expression applies to us as well as to all those unidentified people out there?Current research suggests that the majority of Americans have bad eating habits,and some of this is determined by our lifestyle,which demands that we eat quickly and inexpensively.

What are the commonest foods on the American menu? Hamburgers and French fries,sugar-laden drinks;pies andwhipped cream,malts and ice-cream. Apart from an occasional broiled hamburger,all the things on that list are bad for us.And there are certain prophets of doom who predict that all those fatladen fast foods provide us with only one thing-a faster road to the grave.

On the other hand, there are those who claim that the basic fast-food meal contains all the nourishment you need. After all, there are meat. milk, salad (if you have the extras), and bread. And if you have a cheeseburger instead of a hamburger, you are doing yourself an extra favor by adding additional protein.What these good news gossips are overlooking is the usually pulpy bun; the excess of sugar in the maltose or Coke;and overdose of salt that is sprinkled on the hamburger to make palatable (美味的).

So you decide to stay away from the hamburger joint, and buy your food from the supermarket. Are you any better off? Not if you buy frozen or canned food. The experts tell us that canned and frozen vegetables contain sugar, as well as all sorts of perspectives that are not doing anything to improve your health. According to these people. the only way to be sure your food is good for you is to buy it and cook it fresh. And then. of course. you have to eat it-and that creates another problem. The speed of todays world has encouraged many of us to eat far too fast. We do not chew our food enough, and we eat on the run or we jump and start running the minutc we finish eating.

1.According to current research，the bad eating habits of the Americans are determined by their_____________________.

2.Who most probably thinks that the fat-laden fast foods are fatal?

3.Compared with a hamburger, a cheeseburger provides us with more______________________.

4.What should we do with the food so as to be better off?

5.By saying that "we eat on the run". the author means that we are made to__________________.

答案：

1.[lifestyle]

[定位]根据题干中的current research，bad eating habits和determined查找到第1段最后一句。

解析：题干将原文该句that后两个并列分句合并成一个句子，原文by后的lifestyle即本题答案。

2.[The prophets of doom.]

[定位]根据题干中的fal-laden fast foods查找到第2段最后一句。

解析：probably thinks对应原文的predict，fatal是原文a faster road to the grave的同义表达，题干问的`是持某类观点的人，因此答案为The prophets of doom。

3.[protein]

[定位]根据题干中的hamburger和cheeseburger查找到第3段第3句。

解析：题干中的provides... with more对应原文的adding additional,即用夹干酪的汉堡包代替普通的汉堡包可以吸收到更多的某种物质，空白处需要名词(词组)，所以要填入的答案为protein。

4.[Buy it and cook it fresh.]

[定位]根据题干中的better off查找到原文第4段的设问句和其后的内容。

解析：原文就better off自问自答，先指出冷冻和罐装食品对健康无益，然后指出保证食品对健康有益的做法是自己现买现做，即Buy it and cook it fresh。

5.[eat far too fast]

[定位]根据题干中的we eat on the run查找到末段最后两句。

解析：原文通过we eat on the run和we jump and start running the minute we finish eating，对前一个句子做进一步解释说明——当代社会的快节奏使得我们吃得太快，也就是说我们被迫使eat far too fast。