托福听力做好笔记5个核心原则解读
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托福听力做好笔记5个核心原则解读 提升笔记能力先看它们
托福听力做笔记5大核心原则解读
1. 记main idea
---Lecture听力篇首:listen to part of the lecture in the X class, the professor if talking about X.
---Conversation前30秒的主旨
---屏幕变化出现图文时记下关键信息
2. 记detail (不是所以细节都需要记下)
what、when、where、who、why、how
3. 记语气词
语气词是最容易错过的,因为它本身并没有太大的实质意义。常见的语气词有:now, well, OK, so, let’s, and oh.
听到now, well, OK, so, let’s,基本上代表着一个新的话题的开始,即话题转变。这些词可以不记,但在听到的时候在笔记上划条横线。这样笔记就显得很清楚,横线上下属于两个话题,在答题的时候可避免张冠李戴、盲目地把听到的词拿来做题。
And oh即教授在讲话的时候突然想到了某一点,并进行补充。如果这所谓的“某一点”不是重要信息,教授没有刻意补充的必要,所以不能小看“and oh”的作用。
4. 记逻辑词
把逻辑关系词分类,主要有因果、假设、转折、解释补充、同异分类。由于中西方逻辑思维的差异,有同学对很多显而易见的信息并不敏感。然而这些逻辑中常含考点。
表示因果的有:because, since, thus, which results in, so,lead to. 注意其中的因果逻辑,不可因果颠倒。
表示转折的有:but, however, in fact, actually. But之后很有可能出考点。注意:“A...but B...”在这里B是重点。而且涉及到态度问题的时候,美国人喜欢把褒义放在前面,所以一般情况下but后面是贬义。A之前可能没有明显的暗示信息,所以A的内容容易被忽略。但听到but的时候必须把它之后,即B的内容记下来。根据“but”,我们也可以反推出A了。
表示解释的有:in other words, to put it in simple terms, which means, suggests,indicates. 在lecture中,如果某个学术词是考点,那么它必定有通俗的解释,而这些解释应该是能听懂的。所以听到以上这类词的时候,要把学术词记下来(可以记谐音),并且理解通俗的意思。
表示同异分类的有: in common, similar, resemble, contrast with, distinction. 这是托福听力最喜欢考的题型之一。例如教授在philosophy的课上介绍了3位哲学家。应该借助这些逻辑关系词记下他们各自不同的观点,以及他们的共同点。
5. 记强调词
强调词可以理解为褒贬色彩特别鲜明的词汇,如important, interesting, extraordinary, strange, surprising / surprised. 这类词通常以 It is...的句型开头。当听到“it is important that...”或者“it is interesting to know that...”时,笔记重点应该是that之后的内容:它重要在哪里?为什么它会令人惊讶?......有强调词出现时常会考态度题。
新托福听力备考:单句练习
1. The rent here is rather high, wouldn’t you say?
这儿的房租高得很,您说呢?
2. Don’t use that equipment.
别使用那个设备。
3. Dianne has mailed the form and the fee and has requested that her high school transcript and recommendations be sent as soon as possible.
戴安寄去了表格和费用,并请求尽快把她中学的肄业证书和推荐信寄来。
4. I don’ think Jean looks like her brother although she says that they’re twins.
我认为珍妮长得不象她哥哥,尽管她说他们是孪生兄妹。
5. The newsletter arrived yesterday.
实事通讯/业务通讯昨天到了。
6. I turned down the air conditioner.
我打低了空调。
7. Allen isn’t at the rehearsal, so he probably overslept.
埃伦没有在彩排,他大概睡过头了。
8. What was the outcome of the debate you were in.
你参加的那场辩论结果任何?
9. The only person who understood the guest lecturer was the professor.
唯一能听懂特邀演讲人的是教授。
10. We couldn’t have asked for a better day to go to the beach.
今天这个天我们去海滩是再好不过了。
11. You’ll need a stopwatch if you judge this swim meet.
如果裁判这次游泳比赛你将需要一块秒表。
12. It was very impolite of Rick to interrupt our conversation.
瑞克打断我们的谈话真是太不礼貌了。
13. They tasted the tea.
他们品尝了茶。
14. The art history book Fred borrowed has been recalled by the library.
佛雷德借的艺术历史书已被图书馆催还。
15. The instructor let the class decide when to have the exam.
导师让全班决定什么时候考试。
16. My uncle, who is a dentist, is off traveling this year.
我的那个当牙医的叔叔今年正在出去旅游。
17. Didn’t I tell you this is what happened?
我不是告诉了你这是所发生的情况吗?
18. I wish I hadn’t gotten rid of those old letters.
但愿我没有扔掉那些旧信。
19. Down this street there’s a major bus line.
顺着这条街道走下去有一个大的公共汽车站。
20. Julie had better go to the supermarket right away because her sister is coming for lunch.
朱丽叶最好马上去超市因为她姐姐要来吃午饭。
新托福听力备考:单句练习
1. We’ll probably be late for the concert, won’t we?
我们大概听音乐会要迟到了吧?
2. I’d better not go to bed because I haven’t finished my chemistry assignment.
我最好不去睡觉,因为我还没有做完化学作业。
3. I always forget people’s names at parties.
我在参加晚会时总是忘记人们的名字。
4. You gave me the right address for Bill’s apartment, didn’t you?
你给我比尔的公寓的地址是对的吧?
5. Just down the street is a nice little gift shop.
就在这条街道的那头有一家小礼品店。
6. The snack bar has fresh fruit, right?
快餐店有新鲜水果,对吧?
7. There are big sales going on in the department stores downtown this week according to Charlie.
据查理说,这个星期街里的百货商店进行大拍卖。
8. There’s not a single cloud in the sky this afternoon.
今天下午天空没有一丝云。
9. Not one student in my class has studied painting before.
我的班上没有一个学生以前学过绘画。
10. Behind the lecture hall is a small parking lot.
在讲堂的后面是一个小停车场。
11. Lucy was offered a scholarship by the university that was her first choice.
路西被她首选的那所大学提供了一笔奖学金。
12. Roberts discovered she was ineligible for the song contest.
罗伯兹发现她不够参加歌咏比赛的条件。(ineligible:不合适的,无资格的。)
13. Ted once worked there but no longer does.
泰德以前在那儿干过,但现在不再干了。
14. She replaced the broken pane of glass.
她换掉了那块被打碎的玻璃。
15. I guessed the right answer.
我猜对了答案。
16. I’ve promised to take Cathy some of this delicious tea.
我答应带给凯茜一些这种香茶。
17. Mary Ann, that’s who makes the best soup.
马利安,她就是那个汤做得最好喝的人。
18. The last person I want to see is Jeff.
我最不想见的人就是杰夫。
19. Sara used to teach psychology, but now she’s a corporate statistician.
塞拉过去教心理学,而现在她是一个公司的统计员。
20. The bank granted her a loan to cover her school expenses.
银行给予她一笔贷款支付她的学费。