Lesson 117 Tommy's breakfast汤米的早餐

Listen to the tape then answer this question.What does she mean by 'change in the last sentence?
听录音，然后回答问题。最后一名话中的“change" 是什么意思When my husband was going into the dining-room this morning , he dropped some coins on the floor.
今天早晨我丈夫走进饭厅时，把一些硬币掉在地上了。

There were coins everywhere. We looked for them, but we could not find them all.
到处都是硬币。我们虽然找了，但没有把它们全部找到。

While we were having breakfast, our little boy, Tommy, found two small coins on the floor.
正当我们吃早饭时，我们的小男孩汤米在地上找到两枚小硬币。

He put them both into his mouth. We both tried to get the coins, but it was too late. Tommy had already swallowed them!
他把这两枚硬币全都放进嘴里。我们俩都试图把这两枚硬币拿出来，但太迟了。汤米已经把硬币咽了下去！

Later that morning, when I was doing the housework, my husband telephoned me from the office.
那天下午的晚些时候，当我正做家务时，我丈夫从办公室打来电话。

“How’s Tommy?” he asked.
“汤米怎么样？”他问。

“I don’t know,” I answered, “Tommy’s been to the lavatory three times this morning, but I haven’t had any change yet!”
“我不知道”，我回答说，“今天上午汤米去了3次厕所了，但我还没看到硬币！”

New words and Expressions生词和短语
dinning room
饭厅

coin
n. 硬币

mouth
n. 嘴

swallow
v. 吞下

later
adv. 后来

toilet
n. 厕所，盥洗室

Notes on the text课文注释
1 在英文中表示过去某时正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时。与现在进行时相比，过去进行时的区别就在于要用be的过去式。过去进行时的例子有:When my husband was going into the dining room this morning…;While we were having breakfast…等。
2 them all, all用来强调每一个硬币。从语法上来讲，all是them的同位语。紧跟在一个名词或代词后，进一步说明前面名词或代词是谁或什么东西的名词或代词，叫同位语。
3 our little boy, Tommy.
Tommy是boy的同位语。
4 put them both…
both是them的同位语。
5 we both...
both是we的同位语。
6 Tommy had already swallowed them!
句中用了过去完成时。过去完成时用来表示两个动作中，发生在前的那个动作。显然，句中“咽下硬币”的动作发生在夫妇俩能够把硬币从汤米手中抢过来之前。
7 later that morning 那天上午的晚些时候。
later是副词late的比较级。
8 any change
change是个多义词，既有“零钱”的意思，也有“变化”的意思。此处既可指“硬币”，亦可指“情况的变化”。这是“双关”修辞法。

Lesson 118 What were you doing?你那时正在做什么?

New words and expressions生词和短语
ring(rang,rung)
v.响

Lesson 117-118 自学导读 First things first

课文详注 Further notes on the text1．look for，寻找（强调动作过程）；find，找到（强调寻找的结果）。

2．Tommy had already swallowed them! 汤米已经把硬币咽了下去！
句中用了过去完成时形式 had swallowed。过去完成时用来表示过去两个动作中发生在前的那个动作。显然，句中咽下硬币的动作发生在夫妇俩能够把硬币从汤米手中抢过来之前。

3．later that morning,那天上午的晚些时候。
later是副词late的比较级。

4．any change
change是个多义词，既有“零钱”的意思，也有“变化”的意思。此处既可指“硬币”；也可指“情况的变化”。这是双关（pun）修辞法。

语法 Grammar in use
过去进行时
构成： be的过去式+现在分词。
过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的情况或动作。过去进行时和一般过去时经常在同一个句子里使用。过去进行时表示过去正在进行的情况或动作，一般过去时 则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。过去进行时的时间状语从句一般由when，while及（just）as等来引导，说明主句中动作发生时的背景。此外，可用 while或 at the time等强调同时进行的两种或几种动作。请看例句：
When I was doing the housework, my husband telephoned me from the office.
当我正在干家务时，我丈夫从办公室打电话给我。
While I was listening to the stereo, my mother came into the room.
我正在听立体声节目时，我母亲进房间了。
Just as she was cleaning her shoes, George knocked at the door.
她正在擦鞋时，乔治敲门了。
While I was cooking the dinner ,he was working in the garden.
我做饭时，他正在花园里劳作。

词汇学习 Word study
1．swallow v.
（1）吞下，咽下：
Tommy had swallowed the coins.
汤米把硬币吞下去了。
（2）抑制，使不流露：
I tried hard to swallow my doubts.
我强忍着不露出怀疑的神色。
She swallowed a smile and sat there still.
她忍住没笑，静静地坐在那里。
（3）吞并；侵吞：
Our company was swallowed up by an American company last year.
我们公司去年被一家美国公司吞并了。
Nazi Germany nearly swallowed up the whole Europe in World War Ⅱ.
第二次世界大战中，纳粹德国几乎吞并了整个欧洲。

2．ring v.
（1）鸣响；发出清脆的响声：
When I was opening the front door, the telephone rang.
我正开前门时，电话铃响了。
Yesterday morning, my alarm clock didn't ring at 7 o'clock as usual.
昨天早上，我的闹钟没像往常那样在7点钟闹。
（2）打电话；按铃：
You said you were going to ring me last night, but you didn't.
你说过你昨晚会给我打电话的，然而你并没有打。
Somebody is ringing the doorbell.
有人在按门铃。