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托福综合写作高分段评分标准解读 看懂说明书才能拿高分

托福综合写作高分段评分标准介绍

5分标准：

A response at this level: successfully selects the important information from the lecture; and coherently and accurately presents this information in relation to the relevant information presented in the reading; well organized; occasional language errors that are present do not result in inaccurate or imprecise presentation of content or connections.

4分标准：

A response at this level: is generally good in selecting the important information from the lecture and in coherently and accurately presenting this information in relation to the relevant information in the reading, but it may have minor omission, inaccuracy, vagueness, or imprecision of some content from the lecture or in connection to points made in the reading. A response is also scored at this level if it has more frequent or noticeable minor language errors, as long as such usage and grammatical structures do not result in anything more than an occasional lapse of clarity or in the connection of ideas.

3分标准：

A response at this level: contains some important information from the lecture and conveys some relevant connection to the reading, but it is marked by one or more of the following: Although the overall response is definitely oriented to the task, it conveys only vague, global, unclear or somewhat imprecise connection of the points made in the lecture to points made in the reading; may omit one major key point made in the lecture. Some key points made in the lecture or the reading, or connections between the two, may be incomplete, inaccurate, or imprecise. Errors of usage and/or grammar may be more frequent or may result in noticeably vague expressions or obscured meanings in conveying ideas and connections.

托福综合写作高分段评分标准分析

通过上面的原文介绍我们可以清晰地看到，托福综合写作的评分主要从以下三方面进行评估。

1. 内容：

5分标准在内容上一点折扣都不能打，必须完整又正确地写出听力部分的所有细节，并且要把听力和阅读的逻辑关系理清。4分文章要求稍微低一些，但仍需要将听力中的内容较大程度地呈现到文章中，可以有一些细节上的问题，比如内容细微的遗漏、模糊不清、不完全精准等。3分的要求就更低了，换言之内容上欠缺的更多，如听力反驳阅读的三个点中，有一个大点完全没有听到或听懂，文章中的信息大多是不准确的、不完整的、不细致的。

2. 结构：

综合写作的结构从大方向上来说是没有问题和难度的，一般采用4段式，第一段Introduction, 接下来三段分别写出听力反驳阅读的三个方面。那么难度在哪里呢?同学们务必要有的意识是段落和段落之间的过度和衔接是否有效，是否正确，是否容易让人理解。这就需要同学们把连接词或者写作模版提前准备好，使句和句，段与段之间的关系有逻辑地清晰地表达出来。

3. 语言：

从以上评分标准可以看出，5分的文章并非完美，可以存在一些语言上的小错，只要这些小错不影响读者的阅读即可。根据小编的经验，5分标准中的小错就是指由于粗心或者打字速度快造成的打字错误，具体包括词汇拼写错误，第三人称单数问题，名词单复数等。考官也是人性化的，在20分钟的时间内打出一篇280字左右的文章(官方要求150-225，但一般要求考生能写到260-280，这样才能拿到更高的分数)，总有可能会有一些无伤大雅的小错。4分的文章从语言上来看，小错要比5分更频繁，更明显，但仍然要求是不能影响读者的理解。至于3分，个人认为基础好一些的学生在语言上是不会沦落到这个级别的，因为它的小错更多了，最糟糕的是已经影响到了读者的阅读，让读者不知道该考生想要表达什么。

托福写作模板：独立写作29分模板

29分托福独立写作模板：

开头

支持段落1

支持段落2

(支持段落3、可省)

让步段落 +重申自己坚持原观点

开头：

Perhaps no issue in this world is as significant to X.X(ex:people's success) as X.X(ex: education).Despite various responses people may have on the topic that X.X( ex:which thing should the education aim at).I, given the chance, prefer to endorse that xX.Xex:preparing for careers should have primary consideration.)

Asked what...will do to ..., some X.X(ex:teachers) may answer: X.X. Admittedly, X.X plays a vital part in X.X(ex:person’s success and happiness).But actually, I think that...

适用于agree or disagree的问题 。

Adj(Marvelous) as it looks at first sight, X.X(ex：modern technology) does not X.X(ex:help students learn information at a greater speed and with higher efficiency ) in most cases; or it could work towards the opposite direction which led X.X(ex:students to lose their initiative to learn and explore.)

一上来直接问题的转述：X.X.X.X(ex：Can we know a person through the types of friends he has)?

当然，可以转述为 Asked whetherX.X.X,

Different people will give different answers to this question from their own characters, emotional concerns and even educational backgrounds.However, when it comes to me, I firmly believe that...

这个适用于所有问题。。观点对比型(live in small town or live in big city?)

甚至来个简单的， I support the idea that...

以上都、最后一句来一个：

+To better illustrate my point of view, I list several reasons as follows.

中间部分：

支持段落1：To begin with,.... 中间需要举例一下：For instance，

支持段落2：Furthermore,... 中间有需要的话再举例一下 There is no better illustration than the example of...

支持段落3,：没有让步段落了就 Last but not the least, 有让步段落就 In addition,...

让步段落：Admittedly, Granted, I tend to agree(concede) that: in some cases(conditions), it may be true that....These cases, however, are rare and therefore are too weak to convince me to walk away from my position .

(When the advantages and disadvantages of X and Y are carefully examined, the most striking conclusion is obvious that…… ) I still firmly believe that.

结尾：

All in all, for the reasons listed above, we can safely conclude that...

托福备考之写作中的加分词句

托福写作相对于雅思写作以及其他国外考试的写作来说，要有章可循得多。之所以这么说，是因为托福写作的评分标准可以给考生提供一个比较可模仿的范式。要想得到较高的托福写作高分，字，句，段，篇四个部分一点都不能放松。今天，我们主要学习一些“亮点”的托福写作中可以使用的字词。

在此之前，大家可以和我一起看一个比较有意思的写作调侃，内容如下：

越来越多的人开始骑自行车。

学沫版： More and more people begin to ridebicycle.

学渣版： A growing number of people begin tocycle.

伪学霸： Cycling attracts more and more people.

学霸版： Cycling is adding its appeal for manycitizens.

学神版： Cycling gains its popularity.

给自己定位完毕，我们来学习今天的几个词语。

1. Spawn v. 产卵，滋生

2. Attribute v.归因于

3. Draw on 借鉴

4. End up doing something 最终会...

5. Reflect on 认真思考

想必以上几个词很多同学都认识，可是，下面的几句写作常用句中，你知道如何使用以上的词汇吗?

1. 这样的做法会产生很多社会问题。

2. 成功很多情况下是由于团队的共同努力。

3. 借鉴历史的教训十分重要。

4. 如果不保护环境，人类最终会灭绝。

5. 认真思考过后我发现这个观点是不成立的。

我们来看看建议的5个句子：

1. This conduct would spawn a lot ofsocietal problems/

2. Success, in most cases, can beattributed to the team’s concerted efforts.

3. It counts to draw on history.

4. Human beings would end up being extinctif they did not protect environment

5. Reflecting on this statement carefully,I found it unconvincing.

托福写作范文：环境的破坏

2016年托福写作真题题目：

Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed (damaged) by human activity. Others feel that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

托福写作范文：

While the past few centuries have witnessed increasingly better quality of human life, human activity is doing more and more harm to the Earth. Natural resources are being depleted and pollution is being created as a result of development of technology. Natural areas are being damaged as a result of urban expansion to populate more people.

First, we harm the Earth by using more and more natural resources. If we fell too many trees at one time to build

houses and make paper, or if we cut down trees before they grow to maturity, they can hardly grow back in time. As worrisome as overcutting of trees is overfishing. With improved technology and greater drive for money, fish of all kinds are being over hunted, reducing the biomass of some fish to the verge of extinction. Whaling seems a most irksome issue. While most countries argue against it, some countries go whaling to extremes. We often take it for granted that we have unlimited natural resources and use them in a wasteful manner, bringing about great losses.

Second, we damage the Earth by producing pollution in all forms. Factories pollute water and the air. Vehicles pollute the air. Nuclear-related and electronic products are playing an increasingly big role in polluting the air, especially when we dispose of related waste carelessly. We take it for granted that Nature can help clean everything, but it can not.

Third, expanding towns and cities are taking up more and more land. As populations flood to cities, new houses and stores have to be built to accommodate their needs. Land that was good for farming has now become factories and apartment buildings. We seem to take it for granted that we have unlimited land, but we do not.

In summary, human activity seems to be going at the expense of the Earth in various ways. However, our survival depends on the Earth, including natural areas and natural resources, so we have to venerate the Earth.

原文来源：哈佛21篇

托福写作解析

While the past few centuries have witnessed increasingly better quality of human life, human activity is doing more and more harm to the Earth. Natural resources are being depleted and pollution is being created as a result of development of technology. Natural areas are being damaged as a result of urban expansion to populate more people.

While the past few centuries have witnessed increasingly better quality of human life, (while引导词，表对比关系;主语是the past few centuries，要学会物化主语;这句话可以直接背下来套用在科技+政府+社会等话题开头段，“尽管过去的几个世纪见证了人们生活水平的不断提高)human activity is doing more and more harm to the Earth.

2. Natural resources are being depleted(耗尽) and pollution is being createdas a result of(由于=as a consequence of= due to=owing to) development of technology.

3. Natural areas are being damaged as a result of urban expansion(城市扩张) to populate more people.

First, we harm the Earth by using more and more natural resources. If we fell too many trees at one time to build houses and make paper, or if we cut down trees before they grow to maturity, they can hardly grow back in time. As worrisome as overcutting of trees is overfishing. With improved technology and greater drive for money, fish of all kinds are being over hunted, reducing the biomass of some fish to the verge of extinction. Whaling seems a most irksome issue. While most countries argue against it, some countries go whaling to extremes. We often take it for granted that we have unlimited natural resources and use them in a wasteful manner, bringing about great losses.

1. First, we harm the Earth by using more and more natural resources.

主题句1：利用自然资源-->破坏地球

2. If we fell(砍伐树木，fell trees=cut down trees) too many trees at one time to build houses and make paper, or if we cut down trees(砍伐树木) before they grow to maturity(n.成熟), they can hardly grow back in time(及时).

自然资源1 - 破坏森林资源

3. As worrisome as overcutting of trees is overfishing. (as+adj+as A is B“和A一样adj的是B)

“和过度砍伐树木一样令人担忧的是过度捕捞”

4. With improved technology and greater drive(动机=motive=motivation) for money, fish of all kinds are being over hunted(过度捕猎), reducing thebiomass(生物量) of some fish to the verge of extinction.(reduce the biomass of sth to the verge of extinction将...的数量减少到灭绝边缘)

5. Whaling(捕鲸) seems a most irksome(令人厌烦的=troublesome=worrisome) issue.

6. While(引导词“尽管”，表对比关系) most countries argue against it, some countries go whaling to extremes(go sth to extremes 做某事过火).

自然资源2 - 过度捕捞

7. We often take it for granted(take sth for granted把某事认为是理所当然的)that we have unlimited natural resources and use them in a wasteful manner,bringing about(带来) great losses.

结论1

Second, we damage the Earth by producing pollution in all forms. Factories pollute water and the air. Vehicles pollute the air. Nuclear-related and electronic products are playing an increasingly big role in polluting the air, especially when we dispose of related waste carelessly. We take it for granted that Nature can help clean everything, but it can not.

1. Second, we damage the Earth by producing pollution in all forms.

主题句2：产生各种形式的污染-->破坏地球

2. Factories pollute water and the air.

污染形式1 - 工厂

3. Vehicles pollute the air.

污染形式2 - 汽车

4. Nuclear-related and electronic products are playing an increasingly big role in(在...中扮演越来越重要的角色) polluting the air, especially when we dispose of(处理) related waste carelessly.

污染形式3-核相关的和电子产品

5. We take it for granted that Nature can help clean everything, but it can not.

结论2-注意参考上一段结尾句

Third, expanding towns and cities are taking up more and more land. As populations flood to cities, new houses and stores have to be built to accommodate their needs. Land that was good for farming has now become factories and apartment buildings. We seem to take it for granted that we have unlimited land, but we do not.

1. Third, expanding towns and cities(doing做主语，扩大城镇) are taking up(占据) more and more land.

主题句3：城镇扩张-->破坏地球

2. As populations flood to(涌入) cities, new houses and stores have to be built to accommodate their needs(迎合他们的需求).

解释句1： 人口增加-->建造更多住房和商店

3. Land that was good for farming has now become factories and apartment buildings.

解释句2：农业用地-->变成工厂和公寓

4. We seem to take it for granted that we have unlimited land, but we do not.

结论3-注意参考前两段结尾句

In summary, human activity seems to be going at the expense of the Earth in various ways. However, our survival depends on the Earth, including natural areas and natural resources, so we have to venerate the Earth.

1. In summary, human activity seems to be going at the expense of(以...为代价) the Earth in various ways.

2. However, our survival depends on the Earth, including natural areas and natural resources, so we have to venerate(尊敬) the Earth.