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托福写作词汇运用技巧解读 2则实例告诉你写文章词汇用法

托福写作词汇运用要顺其自然

关于高级词汇在TOEFL写作中的应用，我觉得要顺其自然。有些考生总是喜欢找一些级别高的单词，甚至是被人冷落的单词进行记忆，这就好像让莎士比亚去考托福一样，级别相差太多。我见过很多学生，尤其是高中生，因为记忆力还保持在茂盛期，所以偏爱这种类型的记忆;这样做的优点在于你的单词量扩展得很好，基本可以参加GRE的考试，缺点就是牺牲太多时间，也会损害记忆能力。

托福词汇运用技巧实例讲解

针对TOEFL考试，词汇上的升级其实也很简单，我们来看下边这个例子：

important ? significant ? magnificent

具体应用到句子中：

1. WTO is planning an important conference about commercial regulations。

2. It is a significant contribution to the society。

3. We have visited the magnificent Forbidden city。

这几个词大家都很熟悉，都有“重要，华丽”的意思。可是作为同级比较的形容词，它们之间的关系则是递进式的，其强调的重要或者华丽的程度也在逐渐提升。如果你按照这样的顺序来进行记忆，不但可以记牢这几个单词，而且可以得到如何应用的真谛。所以所谓的高级词汇的应用，要从基础开始，打好基础之后再进行积累，切忌操之过急

再来看看下边这个例子：

Humility humiliate humiliated humiliating

这几个词汇都是由humility衍生出来的，但是意思大不相同，humility是我们的传统美德，叫做“谦卑”，和pride正好是反义词;而humiliate却是“使人蒙尘”的意思，humiliate和humiliating 一般口语使用偏多，指的是“感觉很丢脸，没有面子”。例如：I feel humiliated 或者 it is humiliating. 有时候，与其花费大量时间去记忆新单词和词组，都不如在已经掌握的单词中进行联想性的扩展来的有效和实惠。其实道理很简单，说一个东西好，很好，到非常好，相当好，甚至好到不能再好，这是一个纵向比较的记忆方法，按照级别的不同进行选择性的记忆和使用。

托福独立写作“媒体科技类”的素材表达

托福写作科技媒体类题目涉及内容

1.科技的影响(工作、学习、生活)

2.政府 & 科技(太空探索，理论研究)

3.现代媒介 vs传统媒介

4.传媒的作用

必备表达

科技的利弊

Pros

Cutting edge technology 尖端技术

Technological innovations/inventions/advances/progressions 技术创新和进步

1.提高工作效率

Augment/enhance/boost efficiency/productivity

Liberate accountants from repetitive and complex calculations that are Time-consuming and exhausting

2.方便信息检索

Information regarding(concerning/pertaining to) any area can be immediately accessible

Easily obtain/attain/access information

3.促进交流

Facilitate communication /transcend geographical barrier

Communicate on a global scale/across the globe

4.方便生活

Facilitate people’s daily commuting

Multiple household appliances (air-conditioners---enjoy comfortable lives without worrying about whether it is hot,cold or rainy outside; refrigerators preserve food for longer ; vacuum cleaners--energy-saving & time-saving)

5.丰富生活

Spice up/enrich people’s life

Leisure time

Listening to music, surfing the internet or watching digital movies

6.医疗科技

CT-scans and B-type ultrasound scans aid doctors in diagnosing illness for patients

With the invention of certain targeted vaccines, people finally put an end to rampant epidemics/eliminate deadly diseases.

Cons

1.污染

Abuse of industrial chemicals has caused irreversible consequences

Increasing automobiles bring about air pollution

2.伦理问题

Ethnic problems caused by cloning human beings

3.侵犯隐私

Violate/intrude on/infringe on one’s privacy

Infected by viruses & attacked by hackers

4.阻碍交流

Overexposure to...

Socially isolated

Impede/hinder communication

利弊权衡

Double-edged sword 双刃剑

Advantage/merit/strength/benefit 优点

Disadvantage/demerit/weakness/defect/drawback/shortcoming 缺点

(Far) outweigh/overshadow/outshine 大于

投资科技的优点

Inspire/stimulate/nurture/attract scientific minds

Turn out to be fruitful much later

Exert far-reaching/profound effect/impact

社交传媒的利弊

Pros

Disseminate information

Keep in touch with/reconnect with old friends

Bridge previously insurmountable physical distances

Promote public participation and civic engagement

Objective, unbiased and truthful reporting

Inform people with updated news

Cons

The validity of this information cannot always be verified

Misleading, misrepresented, distorted news

托福写作解析：倒装句让你的写作更精彩

倒装句在托福写作中时常运用，一种是完全倒装句;另一种是部分倒装句。

对于英语句子的倒装，有两种情况下需要运用倒装，一是由于语法结构的需要;二是由于修辞的需要。对于这两种情况的倒装，种情况是必须要倒装的，否则你的句子就会出现语法错误;第二种是选择性的倒装，这里只会在表达效果上出现差异。下面小编就带大家一起来看看从修辞功能的需要来看看倒装句为你的托福写作提分。

表现点一：表示强调

倒装句，大家最常见的、最突出的表现形式就是强调，其它表达形式一般有3种形态：

1. only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。

例：Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。

2. not, little, hardly, scarcely, no more, no longer, in no way, never, seldom, not only, no sooner等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。

例： Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。

例： so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。

eg.To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。

以上各例子都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。

表现点二：承上启下

在写作表达中，有时需要在前一句说到或有联系的人或者是事物在下一句紧接着先说出来，从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚，衔接更加的紧密，起到一个承上启下的作用，这时候往往会用到倒装句。

例： We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋。

表现点三：制造悬念，渲染气氛

一般这个表现点在新闻或者文学创作的时候用到的最多，是为了内容的需要，或者为了强调，作者常常运用倒装句来制造悬念，渲染气氛，但是如果想让你的文章丰富多彩，那么使用倒装也不是不可行的。

例如：Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. 墙上挂着一幅精美的图画。

表现点四：平衡结构

学习英语的人都知道，在英语的修辞中有一个很重要的原则，就是尾重原则，即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾有来保持句子的平衡。而在语言使用中为了避免头重脚轻，结构不平衡的句子，通常也会使用倒装句来达到这种效果。

1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序。

例：On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities.

Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be shipped to some other cities.

地上放着一些空调,等着用船运到其他城市去。

从例句中可看出, 采用倒装语序的A句结构平衡稳妥 ,读起来自然流畅,而采用自然语序的B句结构零乱, 读起来也别扭。因而,在主语较长时就应采用倒装语序以取得理想的表达效果。

2. 以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,须将表语和谓语都提到主语前。

eg.Such would be our home in the future. 我们将来的家就是这个样子。

3. 以副词here , there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。

例：Here is the letter you have been looking forward to. 你盼望已久的信在这儿。

表现点五：使文章描写生动

有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,可将表示方向的副词(如:down, up, out, in, off, on, away等)或拟声词(bang, crack等)置于句首,句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)。

例：Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. 当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。

上例句子简洁明了，生动逼真地描述了有关动作，令我们一览倒装句的风采。这种倒装句的修辞功能在语段中可以体现的更为清晰。

托福写作解析：reduce living expense

如果给朋友推荐reduce living expense的方式：

1. 找一个室友合租

2. 不买最新款的手机，buy less frequently

3. Buy cheap foods and cook home(不要经常在外面吃)

Which way you will recommend to your friend and why?

思路：题目问推荐reduce living expense的方式，选找舍友合租。

三个分论点：

(1)找舍友合租省下的房租费远多于后两种;

(2)找舍友合租还可以在其他方面省钱，比如交通拼车啥的;

(3)让步，找舍友合租固然会有一些不便，但并不严重。

2017年12月17日托福独立写作真题范文

托福写作范文参考：

(开头段：背景引入+他人观点+自己观点+过渡句)

Due to high level of consumptions, young people can usually find themselves stuck in financial deficit. In this case, how to cut down living expenses obviously become an important problem. Some say they may change their mobile phone in a much lower frequency while others propose that they are more willing to cook by themselves in order to save money. However, I consider renting an apartment with a roommate can be the best solution. My view point is based on the following reasons and examples.

(分论点1：分论点+展开句+论证)

To begin with, living with a roommate can help us save much more money than cutting down costs in buying new electric devices or cooking at home. The expense of house renting is higher than the money spending on eating stuff or purchasing mobile phone. Take the young working in Shanghai as an example. Renting fees in Shanghai can reach 5,000 RMB to 7000 RMB in average if young people want to live in some convenient districts rather than in some remote areas. If they find a roommate and get the rent shared, he or she can save at least 2,500 RMB per month. When it comes to saving money by stop buying new mobile phone or quitting eating outside, one may only save several hundred RMB one month. So it will be much more effective if one find a roommate to reduce his or her costs on renting than on cellphone or food.

(分论点2：分论点+展开句+论证)

In addition, living with another individual can not only lesson one’s financial pressure in renting fees, but also save money in other aspects. Roommates can share furniture or tools together. For example, when I was just graduate from university, I choose to rent with another girl. When we both moved into our new apartment from our dormitory, the first thing we need to deal with was to buy some necessary items such as cooking pot and sofa, for the house we rent was almost empty—there were only two beds in it. I felt very lucky that I decided to live with another girl rather than living by myself, because I had not to pay all the expenses of buying these equipment myself. Sharing those expenditure with my roommate effectively lessened my financial burden.

(让步段：承认漏洞，削弱其影响)

Admittedly, living with another person can lead to some problems. Sometimes, we may encounter with roommates who are quite annoying, like he or she may have several friends singing and dancing in her room till midnight, which will disturb us a lot. Different life style can result in a bad relationship between us and our roommates. Nevertheless, this kind of terrible situation can be prevented by carefully collecting information of our roommates before we make the decision of renting a house with him or her. If we deliberately choose the individual who own a similar living habit as ours, most of the unsat isfactory cases can be avoided ahead of time.

(结尾段：重述总论点+重述分论点)

To sum up, compared with keeping using old cellphone and cooking by ourselves, living with a roommate is the best solution when young people want to cut down their expenses. Having another people living with us can share renting fees as well as other various kinds of costs. Although it may lead to some inconvenience, we can effectively eliminate these drawbacks by observing and communicating with our potential roommates before we finally pick up the one we are most likely to get along well with.

托福写作词汇运用技巧解读相关文章：

★ 英语写作

★ 托福写作必须掌握的关联词

★ 2020北京高考语文试卷类目分析