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托福写作2个常见案例运用扣分问题指点 用好例子素材需注意

切忌使用过于本土化的例子

有的同学在表达的时候，没有考虑到中西文化的差异，有的东西中国人很熟悉，很了解，但是美国人未必清楚，这样会导致他们无法理解，比如说有的同学说某个女孩很漂亮，会说她沉鱼落雁，羞花闭月的，但是这样描述美国人是不太懂的，因为这里面包含着中国古代四大美女的典故，与其这样表达还不如说这个女孩非常漂亮，我楼下的邻居张三每次看到她都激动的口水直流，浑身颤抖。这样的表达美国人就非常容易理解了。

例子细节不充分也是大忌

其实同学们都明白，平时身边哪来那么多例子，所以例子基本靠“编”的，虽然是在编造谎言，但是也要努力让谎言看上去比较真实一点，在谎言中增加细节是增加谎言可信度的很简单有效的办法，很多中国学生在写例子的时候会使用"比如说有一个人……"这样的表达，这样的表达看起来底气不足，模模糊糊，考官就很难相信确有其事。同学们可以改用另外的表达"我有一个朋友叫Jason，他在两年前做了X.X事……"这样写就看起来舒服多了。在叙述个人类例子的时候，尽量使用具体的人名、地名和时间。这样能使例子看上去更丰满、富有细节，也更像真实的事件，有说服力。

托福考官对编造例子的容忍度有多高?

对于中国学生来说，很少有学生能够有一个非常宏大的素材库并且任何话题都能从素材库中信手拈来合适的例子，事实上，托福考试仅仅是对于语言能力的测试，只要能用恰当的例子证明自己的观点就可以了，因此，这个为“编造”例子留下了很大的空间，只要“编造”得当，个人的例子或者自己身边的例子对于考官来说也是完全可以接受的。

托福写作9个高分优秀句式分享 写不好长句快来看

1. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mined the desired effect – success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun – as an actor might.

戴着面具身着盛装的人们，经常扮演各种其他人物、动物或超自然生灵，并且作为一个扮演者所能做的，就是期盼一个在狩猎或战役中获胜、降雨的来临，阳光的重现的结果。

2.But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.

但是这些事实不能解释这个令人感兴趣的问题，就是为什么在一个特殊的靠近他们出生的地方如此的集中了这么多怀孕的鱼龙。

3.A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instruments capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brilliance.

十九世纪一系列持续的机械进步，包括踏板的传入、金属结构的完善和钢丝最完美的质量，最后产生了一种能容纳无数音调——从最精致的和弦到一个成熟管弦的声音或从一个清澈的歌声到辉煌的敲击乐的效果——的乐器。

4.Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1972 as “silent”， the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent.

虽然我们习惯于谈到1972年以前的电影是无声的，但用一句完全感性的话来说，电影从来就不是没有声音的。 5.For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra, and very often the principal qualifications for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces.

多年以来电影音乐的选择程序完全掌握在导演和音乐督导手中，通常拥有这些权力的主要资格并非是自身的技艺和品味而更多的是因为拥有大量的个人音乐素材库。

6.Rather, they were made of a top layer of woolen or glazed worsted wool fabric, consisting of smooth, compact yarn from long wool fibers, dyed dark blue, green, or brown with a bottom layer of a coarser woolen material, either natural or a shade of yellow.

更进一步，他们是由一个顶层是毛纺或光滑的精纺羊毛织物制作，包含光滑，紧凑的纱线来自长羊毛的纤维染成兰黑色、绿色、或褐色底层含有粗糙天然的和暗黄色的毛纺材料。

7.For good measure, during the spring and summer drought, heat, hail, grasshoppers, and other frustrations might await the weary growers.

在春季和夏季，要精确量度干旱、热量、冰雹、蝗虫和其他损失可能是一件疲劳的事情。

8.What we today call America folk art was, indeed, art of, by, and for ordinary, everyday “folks” who, with increasing prosperity and leisure, created a market for art of all kinds, and especially for portraits.

我们今天所谓的美国民间艺术，实际上是普通老百姓的艺术、被普通老百姓创造的艺术和为普通老百姓和日常提到的“民间人士”的艺术，是一个他们在社会日渐繁荣和休闲情况下创建的一个包含各种各样尤其是肖像画种类的艺术的市场。

9.The people had no agriculture but, over thousands of years, had developed techniques and equipment to exploit their environment, basing their economy on fishing in streams and coastal waters that teemed with salmon, halibut, and other varieties of fish; gathering abalone, mussels, clams, and other shellfish from the rocky coastline; hunting land and sea mammals; and collecting wild plant foods.

他们没有农业，但是经过几千年，已经发展了探索自身环境的技术和设备。他们是基于大量出现鲑鱼、大比目鱼和其他多种鱼类的自身流域和水岸捕鱼的经济;基于从落基山水岸聚集了鲍鱼、蚌类、蛤和其他贝壳动物的经济;基于捕猎地域和海洋哺乳动物的经济;以及基于收集野生植物的食物的经济。

托福写作解析：写作高分技巧

托福写作解析之结构

按体裁划分，独立任务属于议论文，而论点、理由、论据、结论和论证是议论文的五个要素。具体来说，“论点”是文章的核心，“理由”是论点成立的依据，两者构成因果关系;“论据”是对理由的具体解释，多为事例;“结论”是对观点的重申，两者一脉相承、头尾呼应;而整个写作过程就是一个“论证”的过程。

托福写作解析之内容

这篇范文通过通讯、交通和饮食三个方面，共同论证现在的孩子相较其祖父辈生活的更轻松、舒适，每个理由下面都有具体的事例作为细节支撑，让论证更有说服力。

以饮食为例，作者举例说，以前食品由政府分配，数量有限制，人们不能随心所欲买到需要的食品;而现在则大不一样，在超市里人们可以买到任何所需物品。这种新旧对比，更鲜明的表现出现代社会物资丰富、人们的选择权增加，由此可推断人们的生活变得更便捷、舒适，从而证明论点。

托福写作解析之语言

一篇高分作文在语言上，首先要保证语法正确，用词恰当，这样才能准确达意。在此基础上可以追求更多样、高级的表达。例如，托福写作文章开头要表现“社会发展迅速，人们的生活发生了天翻地覆的变化”这一含义，最常见的表达为：

Sample 1: Our society develops quickly, and people’s life has changed greatly.

Sample 2: With the rapid development of society, enormous change has happened in people’s life.

Sample 3: As society progresses remarkably, tremendous changes have taken place in people’s life.

通过三个句子对比可知，其中“迅速”的三种表达方式，quickly 最为平淡，rapid 居中，remarkable 最佳。同样的，要表达“翻天覆地”的含义，tremendous 就要比 great 或者 enormous 好的多，其他替换的词还有 considerable，drastic，significant 等等。

托福写作解析—使用高分句型

托福写作高分句型1、表示原因

1)There are three reasons for this.

2)The reasons for this are as follows.

3)The reason for this is obvious.

4)The reason for this is not far to seek.

5)The reason for this is that...

例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly,peoples living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly,most people are well paid,and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least,more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.

托福写作高分句型2、表示好处

1)It has the following advantages.

2)It does us a lot of good.

3)It benefits us quite a lot.

4)It is beneficial to us.

5)It is of great benefit to us.

例如： Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better,and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us.

托福写作高分句型3、表示坏处

1)It has more disadvantages than advantages.

2)It does us much harm.

3)It is harmfulto us.

例如：However,everything dividesinto two.Television can also

托福写作高分句型4、表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能

1)It is important(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)for sb.to do sth.

2)We think it necessary to do sth.

3)It plays an important role in our life.

例如： Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in business.Soon,computers will be found in every home,too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.

托福写作高分句型5、表示措施

1)We should take some effective measures.

2)We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties.

3)We should do our utmost in doing sth.

4)We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.

例如：The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefore,we must take some effective measures to solve it.

托福写作模版—好的结尾

托福写作结尾一：重申立场+反方观点的弱点

例如：托福写作题目：When people go on a trip, some like to go with a friend while others like to go alone. Which do you prefer?

我方立场： I would rather to travel with a friend.

托福独立写作结尾： Taking all of the factors above into account, being accompanied by some close friends tends to be a better option when it comes to having a trip. This even makes more sense if one is fully aware of the possible dangers of travelling on one’s own, that is, being helpless when emergencies occur and having no one to share the excitement.

解析：这个结尾采用了重申立场+反方观点的弱点。“考虑到以上所列出的论点，我们可得知当说到旅游时有人陪伴是一个更好的选择。这点更说得通，如果一个人清楚地明白独自旅行潜藏的坏处，即遇到紧急情况的无助感以及无人分享旅途的兴奋感。“语言上的主语替换尤为灵活，I would rather to trav

托福写作结尾二： 重申立场+反问句

例如：托福写作题目：Some people like to live in a small town, while others like to live in a large city. If you had a choice, where would you like to live?

我方立场：I would like to live in a big city.

托福独立写作结尾： Although a growing number of serenity-seekers regard the smaller community as their dream homeland, I still opt for the metropolis for its convenience and dynamic life. When it comes to living, how can one possibly deny that the purpose of life is to explore new things that small towns fail to offer?

解析：这个结尾采用了重申立场+反问句的写法，很大气。“尽管越来越多寻找宁静的都市人把小城市视作自己的梦想家园，但我仍然觉得大城市更胜一筹。当谈到生活，谁能否认生活的目的不就是探索新的东西吗?而这一切都是小城市无法给与 的。“ 反问句写的是反方立场的弱点，这其实在内容和Plan B是相同的，只不过用的反问句来加强语气。

托福写作结尾三：重申立场+补充

例如：托福写作题目： There are people who learn about life by listening to their friends’ or families’ advice. On the other hand, there are those that learn from personal experience. Which one do you prefer?

我方立场：It is better to learn from personal experience.

托福独立写作结尾：In a nutshell, it is quite common for us to seek advice from our buddies or family when faced with life dilemma, but in most cases, more benefits can be available if we pick up some lessons by our own experience. After all, it is our action rather than other people’s words that determine what kind of people we want to be. (62 words)

解析：这个结尾采用的是Plan A，重申立场使用了比较法，这也是托福结尾最常用的一种方法，因为大多数写作题目都涉及两者对比。“总而言之，当面临生活困境时人们往往会向朋友和家人求助，但在大多数情况下，如果我们自己尝试一些事情，往往会学到更多的经验。“语言转换上，使用了换主语和换词的方法，我方立场It is better to learn from personal experience，主语是It, 但在结尾换成了benefits, 整个句子即变成了more benefits can be available if we pick up some lessons by our own experience.结尾第二句话，补充了我方立场的合理性，进行了升华。”毕竟，决定我们将来成为什么样的人的关键点并非是他人的言语而是我们自己的行为。“

el with a friend.转换为了Being accompanied by some close friends tends to be a better option when it comes to having a trip.

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