GRE填空解题技巧实例讲解
GRE填空解题技巧实例讲解, 这些实用秘籍不可不会,一起来学习一下吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
GRE填空解题技巧实例讲解 这些实用秘籍不可不会
根据关键词汇来判断语言上的基本逻辑关系
因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence, so…that, so...as to, if…then, when...then, as long as……)转折、(albeit, although, though, but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet……)递进、(even, indeed………)对比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously……)等等。
寻找句子中的重复关系
作为研究生院入学的参考考试，也许是为了体现内容有深度，很多句子涉及到了各个学科的背景知识。同时基于对所有学科学生都要公平的原则，所有的题目在解题点上都不涉及背景知识。为了做到这一点，很多时候ETS都是把答案放到句子中，然后用语言上的线索提示你去把它找出来。以下是提供重复线索的几种常见形式：
(1) 简单的直接重复
The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of ___, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.
A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics E. restoration
尽管大自然的美确实很重要，但污染的消除不仅是什么问题，当然不仅是美的问题。
Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of----can boost sales of video clips very nicely.
A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment E. self-doubt
摇滚乐手很少自嘲，尽管什么东西能促进录像短片的销售，当然就填自嘲。
Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world ___of___.
A. bereft.. theatricality B. composed.. adversity C. full.. circumstantiality D. deprived.. polarity
E. devoid.. neutrality
Melodramas这个词不认识也没关系，既然它表现的是无辜与罪行、道德与堕落、善与恶之间的刻板对立，那么它提供给观众什么样的世界呢?当然是刻板对立的世界，只有E选项符合要求。
(2) 解释型重复
The Muses are___deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.
A. rueful B. ingenuous C. solicitous D. vindictive E. dispassionate
冒号后面的内容就是正确选项D这个词的释义，所以不知道缪斯是什么东西也能轻松选对。
Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent often prevents___.
A. demur B. schism C. cooperation D. compliance E. shortsightedness
冒号后面的内容解释了民主方式运作的工作团体中为何少有严重的冲突，所以即使看不懂a modicum of
tolerance for dissent是什么东西，也应该知道这个东西避免了严重冲突，故选B。
(3) 根据语法结构推断重复
The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary ___ that permits very little ___.
A. text.. clarity B. work.. tradition C. genre.. deviation
D. oration.. grandiloquence E. achievement.. rigidity
a literary ___ that permits very little ___. 是前面的a very strict form的同位语，所以第一空格填form的同义或近义词，that permits very little___. 这个从句完成后应为strict的同义或近义词。
Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very
recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.
A. a controversial B. a statistical C. an analytical D. an explicit E. an unimpeachable
这道题同样，a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的___ fact的同义重复，所以空格应填入文献学家关注的事实，已知的五个选项里显然只有B选项的statistical(统计的)是文献学家的份内工作。
(4) 凭借具有指示作用的形容词或代词来寻找重复
Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts ___ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be ___ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.
A. manufacture.. accomplished B. reveal.. repeated C. exhibit.. determined
D. share.. explained E. maintain.. contradicted
下半句的such a coincidence说明第一空格的动词填入后应体现为是一种巧合，两个看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一样的东西(非相关专业的绝大部分学生是不太可能认识mitochondria和chloroplasts这两个词的)怎样了一个长的、可以认为是一模一样的DNA序列就是一个巧合呢?当然只有D的 share表示了这个意思。
Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be ___ , which makes them ___ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.
A. contested.. provisional B. circumvented.. antiquated C. repealed.. vulnerable
D. violated.. ineffective E. modified.. unstable
Which指代逗号前面的那句话，也就是“法律不保障社会秩序”，这就使得法律怎样呢?当然只有D选项的ineffective符合句意。
对于含义晦涩的句子，判断语气或感情色彩是有效地解决方法，有时候甚至是唯一的方法
Johnson never ___ to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by company policy if ___ compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so, whatever the effects on his subordinates.
A. deigned.. tacit B. attempted.. halfhearted C. intended.. direct
D. scrupled.. literal E. wished.. feigned
这句话对于英语阅读能力较差的学生来说，通过正常的阅读理解来做还是有些难度的。但是如果注意到whatever the effects on his subordinates(无论对下级产生什么影响)的语气，就可以判断第一空格填入后应表示johnson干的不是什么好事，唯一符合这一判断的是D选项。
Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater ___ their efforts to build a progressive party than the ___ of the progressives already elected to the legislature.
A. support for.. advocacy B. threat to.. promise C. benefit from.. success
D. obstacle to.. resistance E. praise for.. reputation
如果知道encounter的正确用法，就可以判断第一空格应填入一个负面色彩的词，这样就轻松排除了A、C、E三个选项，结合后面的意思来看，只能选D。
Although ___ is usually thought to spring from regret for having done something wrong, it may be that its origin
is the realization that one's own nature is irremediably ___.
A. contrition.. resilient B. certitude.. confident C.skepticism.. innocent
D. remorse.. flawed E. resignation. frivolous
第二空格被副词irremediably(不可救药地)修饰，根据这个词带出的语气可以判断第二空格应填入一个负面色彩的词，符合这一判断的只有D、 E两个选项。第一空格remorse的意思完全地对应“regret for having done something wrong”，故选D。
Any language is a conspiracy against experience in the sense that it is a collective attempt to ___ experience by reducing it into discrete parcels.
A. extrapolate B. transcribe C. complicate D. amplify E. manage
这句话如果没有看过相关背景的书籍几乎是不可理解的，但是我们可以通过语气和感情色彩的判断来排除错误的选项，最终剩下一个看不出错的选项，也就是正确选项了。因为语言是对抗经验的阴谋(conspiracy against)，所以空格应填入一个负面色彩的动作，只有C选项(使复杂化、使变得麻烦)和E选项(manage除了中性的经营管理之外，还可以表示负面的操纵控制)符合这一判断。结合方式状语by reducing(减少、分解、简化)来看，C选项应被排除，最后剩下仍然看不懂句意的E选项就对了。
推理判断时注意避免发散思维
Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases, acting most strongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary diseases that are ___ would be expected to be very ___, but, surprisingly, they are not.
A. lethal.. rare B. untreated.. dangerous C. unusual.. refractory
D. new.. perplexing E. widespread.. acute
根据consequently提示的上下因果关系我们可以判断第一空格应填入severe的同义或反义，表示严重或不严重的词只有A选项。B选项表示未曾治疗的，D不用说了。C、E两个选项其实和是否严重没有关系，很多时候干扰选项的设置上利用了我们的习惯思维不缜密的、容易想当然的弱点。很多人会认为不寻常的、很少见的疾病就是严重的，寻常的、随处可见的疾病就是不严重的。但是只要稍微想一下就知道这里面没有任何必然的关系。
Although ___, almost self-effacing in his private life, he displays in his plays and essays a strong ___ publicity and controversy.
A. conventional.. interest in B. monotonous.. reliance on C. shy.. aversion toward
D. retiring.. penchant for E. evasive.. impatience with
第二空格根据转折关系显然只能选A、D两个选项，第一空格会有很多人觉得A选项可以选，因为觉得传统的人就是不喜欢抛头露面的，不喜欢与人争吵的。同样只要想想就该知道这里面没有任何必然的关系，并且即便我们中国传统的人真是这样，这里也没说他是中国人。这种干扰选项的设置路数和上一道题的感觉是完全一样的。
Considering how long she had yearned to see Italy, her first reaction was curiously ___.
A. meditative B. tepid C. categorical D. unoriginal E. insightful
干扰选项的设置和上两道题完全一样，A选项的沉思冥想并不表示她所应具有的高兴振奋的态度的相反，正确选项应为B选项(微温的，缺乏热情或激情的)，直接表明了与兴奋激动的态度的相反特征。
ETS总是倾向于把词义的对应上最为直接的、形同废话的选项设为正确选项
The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a ___ system; its strata remain ___ and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.
A. health.. skilled B. delivery.. basic C. regimental.. flexible
D. training.. inferior E. caste.. intact
医疗职业的等级(hierarchy)在许多方面是一个等级体系(caste system)
The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly ___, most frequently by human intervention.
A. celebrated B. predicted C. observed D. disturbed E. questioned
被掠食者和掠食者之间的自然平衡被人类的干扰(intervention)干扰(disturbed)了
Poe's ___ reviews of contemporary fiction, which often find great merit in otherwise ___ literary gems, must make us respect his critical judgment in addition to his well-known literary talent.
A. thorough.. completed B. petulant.. unpopular C. insightful.. unappreciated
D. enthusiastic.. acclaimed E. harsh.. undeserving
爱伦坡有判断力的(insightful)现代小说评论使得我们佩服他的判断力(critical judgment)
Aptly enough, this work so imbued with the notion of changing times and styles has been constantly ___ over the years, thereby reflecting its own mutability.
A.appreciated B. emulated C. criticized D. revised E. reprinted
十分恰当的是，这部充满了变迁(changing)的时代、变迁的风格的作品多年以来一直被改变(revise)，从而反映了它自身的可变性(mutability)
GRE填空的语气词整理
新GRE句子填空的语气词大致有2种类型：
1.原句中带有语气词，通过分析句子结构从选项中进行排除，解答这类题目时关键在于发现破题点。
例句1：It is assumed that scientists will avoid making _____ claims about the results of their experiments because of the likelihood that they will be exposed when other researchers cannot _____ their findings.
A. Hypothetical… evaluate
B. Fraudulent… duplicate
C. Verifiable… contradict
D. Radical… contest
E. Extravagant… dispute
解析：本题原句中的exposed是破题点所在，中文意思即“曝光”，既然是可能被曝光，那么这一定是表示贬义的，是从反面说明的。再根据句子表示的因果关系可以推测出第一个空白处必定也是表示贬义的，综观五个备选答案，只有B和E能与这种语气形成对应，而从语意上比较这两个词，fraudulent是“欺诈的，欺骗性的”意思，extravagant意思为“奢侈的，浪费的，放纵的”，后者与原句意思不相关，无疑正确答案就只剩下B。
例句2：Those who fear the influence of television deliberately_______ its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.
(A) promote
(B) underplay
(C) excuse
(D) laud
(E) suspect
解析：本题只有一个空白，那么我们集中精力攻克就可以了，但是不一定就比两个空白的简单，要从句子整体寻找对应。第一个关键步骤就是发现破题点，在此依旧为一个单词deliberately，即我们所说的表示语气的词，既然是故意的，那么该行为所表达的动作一定不是正面的，按照这个意思去理解，选项中的A和D首先被排除，因为这两个词都是从正面去说的，再结合原句的意思不难发现正确答案为B。
2.语气词出现在选项中，要结合句意在选项中比较、排除。
例句1: The scientist found it puzzling that his rival‘s theory retained its_______ despite widespread suggestions that it was now _______.
A. perspective…dated
B. currency…moribund
C. appeal …accepted
D. complexity…unfathomable
E. credibility…recognized
解析：本句从整体上判断属于转折关系句型，而且空白出现在两个分句中，需要将二者结合起来考虑，乍一看不能立即排除掉任何一个选项，这时候就应该把选项依次代入原句，根据句子结构这两个空白处要填的词语气相反，按照这个逻辑去对应，只有B符合要求。
例句2: Paleontologists‘ assumptions about the equable nature of the climate on the primeval island of Pangaea are ________ computer simulations indicating that the island‘s temperatures tended to _______ during the course of a year.
A. based on… cool
B. confirmed by… vary
C. challenged by…stabilize
D. bolstered by…soar
E. undermined by…fluctuate
解析：本题是综合性质的，从句子整体来看属于现在分词起解释说明的作用，也不能立即排除掉任何选项，但通过比较选项可以将其分为正面语气和反面语气，从而按照结合句意缩小范围，均衡二者之后，可以得出如果第一个空白处为正面语气，也就是说computer simulations起到了好的作用，那么第二个空应该就是表示稳定之类的词语，反之如果是起到了不好的作用，则要变得not equable。本题正确答案为E。
GRE填空练习题精选
1. While some argue that imposing tolls on highway users circumvents the need to raise public taxes for road maintenance, the phenomenal expense of maintaining a vast network of roads ______ reliance on these general taxes.
A avoids
B diminishes
C necessitates
D discourages
E ameliorates
2. While scientists dismiss as fanciful the idea of sudden changes in a genetic code (spontaneous mutation), it is possible that nature, like some master musician, ______ on occasion, departing from the expected or predictable.
A repeats
B improvises
C ornaments
D corrects
E harmonizes
3. Art (i) ______ science, but that does not mean that the artist must also be a scientist; an artist uses the fruits of science but need not (ii) ______ the theories from which they derive.
Blank (i)
A incorporates
B resembles
C transcends
Blank (ii)
D understand
E repudiate
F anticipate
4. My family often found others laughable, but I learned quite early to be (i) ______ while people were present, laughing only later at what was funny and mocking what to us seemed (ii) ______.
Blank (i)
A wistful
B courteous
C superficial
Blank (ii)
D enviable
E bizarre
F extraordinary
5. As is often the case with collections of lectures by (i) ______ authors, the book as a whole is (ii) ______, although the individual contributions are outstanding in themselves.
Blank (i)
A different
B mediocre
C controversial
Blank (ii)
D abysmal
E systematic
F disconnected
GRE填空练习题精选
6. While many people utilize homeopathic remedies to treat health problems, other people do not (i) ______ such alternative treatments, (ii) ______ conventional medical treatments instead.
Blank (i)
A distrust
B countenance
C scrutinize
Blank (ii)
D relying on
E turning from
F eschewing
For each of Questions 7 to 10, select the two answer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and produce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.
7. Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of ______ can boost sales of video clips very nicely.
A self-deprecation
B congeniality
C cynicism
D self-mockery
E self-doubt
F self-assured
8. What is most important to the monkeys in the sanctuary is that they are a group; this is so because primates are inveterately ______ and build their lives around each other.
A independent
B self-reliant
C curious
D social
E proprietary
F gregarious
9. The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly ______, most frequently by human intervention.
A rationality
B neutrality
C flexibility
D sanity
E disinterestedness
F insincerity
10. Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body of literature produced in the United States truly ______ a national literature, or whether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature.
A constituted
B symbolized
C undermined
D precluded
E subverted
F eliminate
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