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托福GRE词汇哪个要求高?有什么区别?

要求更多的是GRE词汇，这是因为托福只是标准化语言考试，立足于学术场景下的语言能力考察，虽然也会涉及各类学科领域的专业词汇考察，大多数词汇还是比较基础常用的单词，而GRE是美国的研究生入学考试，对考生的词汇量不仅有数量上的要求，对于一些核心词汇还需要考生掌握词汇辨析和实际运用能力。

大部分参加GRE考试的考生都是为了出国留学，而托福雅思同样是出国留学必须参加的考试。他们的区别到底在哪里呢?简单来说，GRE考试是一门综合性质的考试，英语语言只是考试依托的媒介和工具，真正考察的是考生应对分析生阶段学业所需的各类学术方面的技能，比如逻辑思维分析能力等等。而托福雅思则是比较单纯的语言考试，考察的就是你对于英语语言的听说读写能力。这也是为什么托福雅思有听力口语部分，而GRE考试只有笔试的原因所在。

有鉴于此，两者之间对于词汇的要求也存在明显的区别。GRE词汇要求的是书面、正式、学术化的运用方式。很多单词其实大家都会觉得在平时生活中根本用不到，一些比较严格的词汇和语法规范也仅限于书面学术交流。而托福雅思则更倾向于日常生活中的运用，相对来说要求更为宽松，考生只要能够通过正确地运用词汇来准确表达出自己的意思就可以算是达成了目标。当然，雅思作为英联邦国家出国留学的语言考试，在严谨性方面的要求还是要略高于托福的，但两者无论是在词汇量还是学术化要求上，与GRE词汇相比还是存在一定差距。单就词汇量和掌握深度而言，只要搞定了GRE词汇，考生在应对托福雅思考试时，其实已经不需要在词汇方面再花太多心思了。

GRE重点词汇解析：lugubrious

lugubrious: 闷闷不乐的，悲哀的,mournful;esp. affectedly mournful

1) weighty, mournful, or gloomy, especially to an excessive degree: "Jake's lugubrious monologues depressed his friends."

2) looking or sounding sad and dismal

3) sorrowful; mournful; dismal up

4) mournful excessively sad

lugubrious <> facetious, cheerful, sunny, jovial, sanguine

lugubrious : doleful

facetious(adj 幽默滑稽的);jovial(adj 快活的;高兴的)

lugubrious ◆ facetious/jovial 悲哀的 ◆ 幽默的/快乐的lugubriousness ◆ cheerfulness 悲哀 ◆ 高兴

1 : MOURNFUL especially : exaggeratedly or affectedly mournful

2 : DISMAL

–lu·gu·bri·ous·ly adverb e

–lu·gu·bri·ous·ness noun

Mournful, dismal, or gloomy, especially to an exaggerated or ludicrous degree.

新GRE词汇盘点：stymie

stymie: 阻挠; to present an obstacle to : stand in the way of

1) to get in the way of

2) to hinder obstruct or block

3) to block; thwart

stymie <> abet

STYMIE:

(A) entreat 

(B) apprise

(C) foster

(D) lend credibility

(E) change direction

1. Large amounts of snowfall will stymie the rescue effort.

2. Our ambitions were stymied by our lack of funds.

Syn: block, hinder, impede, obstruct, thwart

新GRE词汇盘点：supplant

supplant: to take the place of

1) to take the place of, especially by force, through treachery, or through superiority

2) to take the place of; supersede

1. The rebels overthrew the government, only to supplant one tyranny with another.

2. Can you supplant my position if I cannot play?

3. The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries – the spinet, the dulcimer, and the virginal. In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group, a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century.

4. People who expect underground mass transit systems to gradually supplant out reliance on the automobile are not being realistic.

相近词汇：overthrow, succeed, supersede, undermine, uproot, displace, usurp

新GRE词汇盘点：immutable

immutable: 不可变的; not subject or susceptible to change

1) not capable of or susceptible to change

2) not subject or susceptible to change

3) unchangeable; permanent

Synonyms: constant, enduring, permanent, perpetual, unchangeable

immutable <> variable, instable

People should know that their freedom is not immutable and must be protected whenever necessary.

The teacher’s rule about cheating was immutable; anyone who was caught doing so received an F on the exam.

They proclaimed their immutable devotion to each other in their wedding vows.

The ties that bind alumni to their university are immutable .

The man's immutable schedule soon became boring.

【考法1】adj. 不可变的： not capable of changing or being changed

【例】 One of the immutable laws of television is that low ratings inevitably lead to cancellation. 电 视行业中

一个不变的原则就是：低收视率的节目必然会被撤掉

【近】 constant, fixed, inalterable, inflexible, invariable, unalterable, unchangeable

【反】 alterable, changeable, elastic, flexible, mutable, variable 可变的

【派】immutability n. 不变性

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