find的用法归纳
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find的用法归纳
用作及物动词,主要用于下列句型:
(1) 后接名词或代词。
如:Where did you find it?
你是在什么地方找到它的?
You’d better try and find another job.
你最好设法另找一份工作。
You’ll find the answers at the back of the book.
在书后你可找到答案。
(2) 后接复合结构 (名词的复合结构、形容词的复合结构、现在分词的复合结构、过去分词的复合结构、不定式的复合结构等等) 。
如:
Wefind the story (to be) very interesting.
我们发现这个故事很有趣。
I found the boy hiding behind the door.
我发现这个小男孩躲在门后。
He found the city much changed.
他发现这个城市发生了巨大的变化。
I didn’t find her an easy woman to workwith.
我发现她不好共事。
注意:后接不定式的复合结构时,主要是 to be, 偶尔可见 to do型。
另外有时也接带先行词 it 的复合结构。
如:
He found it hard tofinish the work in time.
他发现要及时完成这项工作很困难。
(3) 后接that-后接从句。
如:
Now he found that he could relax a little.
现在他发现可以放松一下了。
Newton found that all masses attract each other.
牛顿发现所有物质都互相吸引。
He found that she was a cheat.
=He foundher to be a cheat.
他发现她是个骗子。
(4) 可以带双宾语,双宾语交换位置时用介词for。
如:
Please find memy key. =Please find my key for me. 请给我找到我的钥匙。
试比较。
如:
We found him a good teacher. 我
们发现他是位好老师 (我们发现他是位好老师复合宾语,=We found that he was a good teacher)。
We found him a good job. 我们为他找了份好工作 (双宾语,=We found a goodjob for him)。
2用于find oneself, 表示“发现自己 (处于某种状态)”或“不知不觉或突然…”。
如:
Suddenly I found myself face to face withthe man.
突然我发现自己面对面跟这个人站在一起。
He returnedto England to find himself famous.
他回到英国,发现自己竟出了名。
3注意区别 find 与find out:
前者指偶然地“发现”、或通过实验而“发现”、或通过寻找而“找到”等 (参见以上各例);而后者则指通过调查或观察询问等而“查明情况或事实真相” 。
如:
We mustfind out the truth of the matter.
我们必须查明事实真相。
Wemust find out where he lives.
我们必须查明他住在什么地方。
有时find out中的out可以省略。
如:
Please find (out) what timethey are coming.
请了解一下他们什么时候来。
4是终止性动词,一般不与一段时间连用。
如:这个东西我找到很久了。
正:I found it a long time ago.
误:I (have) found it a long time ago.
Find sb doing sth与find sb do sth的区别与联系是什么?
我发现姑娘们正在树下跳舞。
I find the girls dancing under the tree.
find sb doing sth:发现某人正在做某事
The teacher found Nancy reading English when he came in .
A.read B.reading C.readed
find sb do sth 无此表达。
find sb doing sth 表示:发现某人正在做某事。
find sb后只跟doing,done ,(to be) adj.不跟不定式。
find的使用特别。要记住它啊。
across可用作动词吗
1. across 不能用作动词。如:
不能说:The river is too deep and we can’t across.
可改为:The river is too deep and we can’t cross. 河水太深,我们过不了。
2. 可以用作介词或副词,注意以下用法:
(1) 表示动态意义,意为“横过”、“到……的另一边”。如:
I cam swim across the river in 10 minutes. 我可以在十分钟之内游过河去。(介词用法)
Can you swim across? 你能游过去吗? (副词用法)
(2) 表示静态意义,意为“在……的另一边”。如:
My house is just across the street. 我家就在街道对面。(介词用法)
We leave Dover at ten and we should be across in France by midnight. 我们十点钟离开多佛,午夜时应能抵达法国那边。(副词用法)
有可与介词 from 连用,表示“从……的另一边”。如:
He shouted to me from across the room. 他从房间的另一边向我喊。
(3) 表示“交叉”(介词用法) 或“从一边到另一边的宽度”(副词用法)。如:
He sat there with his arms across his chest. 他坐在那儿,两臂交叉放在胸前。(介词用法)
The river is half a mile across. 这条河半英里宽。(副词用法)
2. 用于 come [run] across, 意为“偶然遇见”、“意外发现”(不用于被动式)。如:
Where did you come [run] across her? 你在那儿碰到她的?
I’ve just come across a beautiful poem in this book. 我在这本书里偶然发现一首优美的诗。
用作介词与副词的about用法易错点解析
1. 表示“关于”,注意与介词on 的区别:about 指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事,其谈论的内容也较为普通;而 on 则指比较有系统地或理论性较强地论述某事,其论述的内容较正式或较为严肃。试比较:
He was reading a book on ethics. 他正在读一本关于伦理学的书。
He wrote a book on scientific baby care. 他写了一本有关科学育婴的书。
She's writing a book on her travels in China. 她正在撰写一本有关她在中国旅行的书。
He has written a book about angling. 他写了一本关于钓鱼的书。
She had written a book about her childhood. (G51) 她写过一本关于自己童年的书。
He has been working on the illustration of a book about animals. 他一直在给一本有关动物的书画插图。
再比较:
(1) a book on rabbits 指的是一本论及兔子的学术著作
(2) a book about rabbits 指的可能是一本供小孩看的关于兔子的故事书
2. 表示“带在身上”,一般指随身带的小物品,有时可与表示类似含义的介词 with / on 换用:
He had a pistol about [on, with] him. 他身上带着一支手枪。
Have you got any money about [on, with] you? 你身上带钱没有?
How much cash do you have about [on, with] you? 你身上带着多少现金?
Do you have any identification / ID about [on, with] you? 你身上带着身份证件了吗?
3. 用于数字前,表示“大约”:
A generation is about 25 years. 一代大约是25年。
Please don't wake me till about 8. 请在八点左右才叫醒我。
I will call for you about 2.30. 我将在2点30分左右来接你。
I went to sleep about 11 last midnight. 我昨晚大约是在十一点睡着的。
4. 在动词know, hear, speak 等之后用不用介词 about / of, 含义有差别:
I have heard about him, but I don't know him. 我听到过一些关于他的事,但不认识他这个人。
I've heard of him, but I don't know about him. 我听说过他,但我不知道有关他的情况。
比较:
know sb 认识某人
know of sb 知道有某人
know about sb 知道有关某人的事或情况
hear sb 听到某人(讲话)
hear of sb听说过某人
hear about sb 听到关于某人的事或情况
5. be about to (do),意为“即将”“马上”。注意该短语不与具体的时间状语(如:soon, tomorrow, immediately 等)连用:
He was just about to burst into song. 他就要唱起歌来了。
Work was about to start on a new factory building. 新厂房即将动工。
I was about to leave when you came in, but I won't go now. 刚才我正要离开, 你就来了,我现在不走了。
Please buckle up now;we're about to land. 现在请系好安全带,我们就要着陆了。
比较正误句:
正:He is about to return to his homeland. 他即将回乡。
误:He is about to return to his homeland tomorrow.
另外注意:
(1) 该短语可与并列连词when(这时)连用:
I was (just) about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡觉,这时突然电话铃响了起来。
(2) be about 之后可接动名词(但 be about to 之后不能接动名词):
I was (just) about going to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要上床睡觉,这时突然电话铃响了起来。
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