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托福口语的考试情形及应考策略

在新托福中加入Speaking Section(口语考试部分)是ETS在新托福考试中最令人瞩目的一项改革，这个部分的加入说明ETS对考生提出了更高的要求，是加强考查考生英语交流能力的具体表现.

因此，考生要想提高自己的新托福考试成绩，就必须花大力气提高英语口语能力。

在新托福之前的托福考试中，有一项独立的托福口语考试TSE(Test of Spoken English)，该口语测试是美国教育考试服务中心为母语为非英语国家的学生提供的英语口语水平考试，是大部分申请RA (Research Assistant)和TA(Teaching Assistant助教)的考生必须参加的一项考试，总计60分，50～55分是比较有说服力的申请成绩。iBT Speaking与TSE有着一定的承接关系，如均出现先听后说这种综合素质考查的口语考查形式。

应考对策

但iBT Speaking与TSE有着很大的差异。iBT Speaking包括6个题目，其中1、2道为独立回答题。另外第3、4道要求考生先阅读一段文字，然后再听一段与阅读文字在内容上相关的听力材料，最后考生按照要求回答相关问题。它们分别是情景题和学术题。最后的5、6道以听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。

首先，考生掌控时间能力的强弱对这个部分成绩的高低有着直接影响。前两道题的准备时间为15秒，回答时间是45秒;3、4题的准备时间是30秒，回答时间则是60秒;最后两道题目的准备时间是20秒，回答时间为60秒。大部分考生都反映口语部分的准备时间利用效率低、做答仓促。如第1、2中的题目属于日常话题，这两道题本身难度比较小，所以特别需要注意的就是时间的分配问题，在这45秒钟里，一般用5～6秒完成topic sentence, 接下来的40秒应以每一个detail或者example不超过3～4句话的规律完成该话题，也就是说大致20秒完成一个detail或example的表述。如果考生能在考前进行充分的准备，锻炼自己的口语思维，积累常用的details或examples，考试时就会从容许多。

其次，考生要对6道题目的评分标准和题目本身的要求有具体的认识，并根据自己的基础在考前针对iBT Speaking的6种类型做集中训练。

关于评分标准，OG (Official Guide官方指南) 上都有详细的说明，ETS以下列3点作为自己的评分准则：

1. Delivery: How clear your speech is. Good responses are those in which the speech is fluid and clear, with good pronunciation, natural pacing, and natural-sounding into nation patterns.

2. Language Use: How effectively you use grammar and vocabulary to convey your ideas. Raters will be looking to see how well you can control both basic and more complex language structures and use appropriate vocabulary.

3. Topic Development: How fully you answer the question and how coherently you present your ideas. Good responses generally use all or most of the time allotted, and the relationship between ideas and the progression from one idea to the next is clear and easy to follow.

总结下来，即考生必须尽量做到使自己的语言流畅、清晰、易懂，并且能够熟练使用口语词汇。其中“流畅”要求考生要以较流畅的语速表述自己的观点，其实也是提醒考生必须有效利用时间。通常内容越丰富、信息量越大，越容易得高分。而清晰、易懂不仅要求考生的语音、语调应当尽量符合native speakers的习惯，更重要的是要求考生应恰当使用词汇、句型并且话语的层次应尽量清楚明了、过渡自然。

如果你的作文和模仿的作文水平相差太大，就不可能上6分，因为反差太大。

1)不明白英汉两种语言的差别

英语的句子是化零为整，中文是化整为零。——王力《中国语言评论》

英语的句子是建楼房，中文是流水记事法。

2)中文的句子是竹子的节，英语的句子是一颗大树。

方法：多找些材料，合为一句。

翻译技巧：破句重组，把意思翻译过来，同时尊重对方的习惯

3)英语是形式语言，用形式把它们联系起来。

英语必须有关联词。

托福口语实用词汇句式语料汇总分享

托福常用口语900句语料对照汇总：801-850句

801. She intends to make teaching her profession.她想以教书为职业。

802. The letter "x" stands for an unknown number.字母x 代表未知数。

803. The sight of the dead body scared him stiff.看到尸体把他吓僵了。

804. There are lots of huge buildings in Beijing.在北京有许多高大的建筑物。

805. There is an interesting film on Channel one.在一频道有一部有趣的电影。

806. They plan to immigrate to Finland next year.他们计划明年移居芬兰。

807. We enjoyed driving along the new expressway.我们喜欢沿着新建的高速公路开车。

808. We need to cooperate perfectly to win the game.要想赢得比赛，我们需要密切配合。

809. We need more than listening. We need action!我们需要的不光是听得进意见，我们要的是行动。

810. Yes. I wouldn‘t go home early if I were you.是的，如果我是你，我不会早回家。

811. Your answer is satisfying. I feel satisfied.你的答案是令人满意的。我感到很满意。

812. Betty and Susan are talking on the telephone.贝蒂和苏珊正在通电话。

813. Great efforts ensure the success of our work.巨大的努力确保了我们工作的成功。

814. He has tasted the sweets and bitters of life.他已尝遍了人生的甜酸苦辣。

815. He said he was educated in the United States.他说他是在美国受的教育。

816. How do you like our English literature Prof.?你觉得我们的英国文学课的教授怎么样?

817. I am looking forward to your visit next week.我期待着你下周来访。

818. I feel I am the happiest person in the world.我觉得自己是世界上最幸福的人了。

819. I had to sit up all night writing the report.我不得不熬通宵写报告。

820. I hope we can see each other again some time.希望还能有相见的机会。

821. I saw him playing football on the playground.我看见他在操场上踢足球。

822. It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting.就在明天(而不是在别的某一天)他们要开会。

823. Let me tell you some details about clearance.让我告诉你一些通关的细节。

824. The brain needs a continuous supply of blood.大脑需要连续不断地供血。

825. The doctor‘s words made him feel comfortable.医生的话让他感觉很舒服。

826. The truth is quite other than what you think.事实真相和你所想的完全不同。

827. They stopped talking when their boss came in.当老板进来的时候;他们停止了交谈。

828. They were glad of the examination being over.他们为考试结束了而高兴。

829. This is by far the largest cake in the world.这是目前世界上最大的蛋糕了。

830. Whichever you choose, you won‘t be satisfied.不论你选择哪一个，你都不会满意。

831. Will you connect this wire to the television ?你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗?

832. His words are strongly impressed on my memory.他的话深深地铭记在我的心头。

833. Is this the fight bus for the Capital Library?这辆车到首都图书馆吗?

834. One third of this area is covered with forest.这一地区三分之一的地方都是森林。

835. They are arguing over who should pay the bill.他们为谁应该付款而争论不休。

836. Wait a moment, I‘ll be with you in an instant.等一下，我立刻就来。

837. You‘ll save time not waiting for the elevator.你可以节省等电梯的时间。

838. A clear conscience laughs at false accusation.只要问心无愧，无端的指责可以一笑置之。

839. I have a headache, and she has a stomachache.我头疼，她胃疼。

840. He glared at Bill, ready to teach him a lesson.他怒视着比尔，准备教训他一顿。

841. I assure you that you will feel no pain at all.我保证你根本不会觉得疼的。

842. I can‘t afford to go to a restaurant every day.每天都去餐馆吃饭，我真是支付不起。

843. I left at 6:00 so that I could catch the train.我六点钟出门，以便赶上火车。

844. I‘m afraid I have some rather bad news for you.我恐怕有些很坏的消息要告诉你。

845. Learn to say the fight thing at the fight time.学会在适当的时候说适当的话。

846. No wonder you can‘t sleep when you eat so much.你吃这么多难怪睡不着。

847. Please ask her to call me back when she‘s back.她回来时请让她给我回个电话。

848. There are a lot of people in the swimming pool.游泳池里挤满了人。

849. They have to work hard to support their family.他们必须努力工作来支持他们的家。

850. This way, he can kill two birds with one stone.这样他就能两全其美。

托福口语中关于时间的表达

once in a blue moon: 偶尔、千载难逢

I don't usually hang out here, just once in a blue moon.

kill some time：消磨时间

Where shall I go to kill some time?

at the drop of a hat：动辄

He was ready to quarrel at the drop of a hat.

burn the midnight oil：熬夜

You shouldn't burn the midnight oil.

nick of time：紧要关头

His generous endowment of the laboratory came just in the nick of time.

spur of the moment：一时冲动

He bought the car on the spur of the moment.

days are numbered：气数已尽、日子屈指可数

The old man' s days are numbered.

Down to the wire：最后时刻、接近最后期限

I think the election will got right down to the wire.

Eleventh hour：最后时刻

He turned in the report at the eleventh hour.

From the word go: 一开始

He's been against the plan from the word go.

In the long run：长期

The product can help you to save money in the long run.

Jump the gun:草率行事、操之过急

Don't jump the gun. We have to be patient for a while.

put something On hold：稍等

The decision was put on hold until a meeting of the party's central committee.

Shake a leg：赶快

Shake a leg! The bus won't wait.

quick off the mark：马上行动

Be quick off the mark if you hear of something promising.

Step on it：加速

If he didn't drive faster, we were going to be late, so I told him to step on it.

Time on one's hands：有空余的时间

I've got extra time on my hands.

Under the wire：在截止日期前， the last minute

He applied the college just under the wire.

Until the cows come home:一直的、很晚很晚

This wine's delicious! I could drink it until the cows come home.

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