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词汇精选：forgive的用法和辨析

一、详细释义：

v.

原谅，饶恕 [I,T]

例句：

Please forgive my ignorance.

请原谅我的无知。

例句：

I intend to forgive him .

我打算原谅他。

免除 [T]

例句：

I'm surprised that he should agree to forgive you the debt unconditionally.

使我感到惊讶的是，他会无条件同意豁免你的债务。

例句：

Will you forgive me the debt?

你豁免我的债务行吗?

二、词义辨析：

excuse,pardon,forgive,overlook

这些动词均有“原谅”之意。 excuse口语常用词，语气较轻。指原谅轻微的过错、疏忽或过失。 pardon比excuse正式，指原谅或宽恕严重的过失或法律上的犯罪行为;在社会交场合则指对打搅他人表示歉意。 forgive侧重从心里宽恕某人，暗示放弃一切愤恨和要求报偿的权利。 overlook语气较弱，指宽容或不计较无关大局的过失。

三、参考例句：

Forgive others.

原谅他人。

Forgive yourself.

放过自己。

Forgive all these trespass.

请原谅以上种.种冒犯之处。

Please forgive my ignorance.

请原谅我的无知。

Please forgive me!

请原谅我!

Forgive the past.

原谅过往。

We cannot forgive your crime.

我们不会原谅你的罪行。

I intend to forgive him .

我打算原谅他。

Forgive me for my slights.

原谅我的冷落。

She can't forgive her friend.

她不能原谅她的朋友。

初级英语口语99|Forgive

句子：

1. Forgive me for what I said to you yesterday. 原谅我昨天对你说的话。

2. Please forgive me for interrupting you. 请原谅我打扰了你。

3. I'll never forgive him for what he has done. 我永远也不会原谅他的所作所为。

4. It's best to forgive and forget. 最好是原谅和忘记。

5. I hope that you can forgive me for my wrong doings. 我希望你能原谅我的过错。

6. Please forgive him for being rude. 请原谅他的无礼。

7. I'll never forgive you. 我永远不会原谅你。

8. Please forgive my inexperience. 请原谅我缺乏经验。

如何原谅 | How To Forgive

Everyone deserves to be forgiven, to some degree. And at the same time, the quality and extent of forgiveness really depends on the person who is doing the forgiving. So more often, as a person trying to practice compassion, our question becomes, “Are there some people that we can never forgive?” I think it is difficult to forgive sometimes, with certain people or in a certain situation.So it’s not just a question about whether someone deserves to be forgiven––everybody deserves to be forgiven––it’s more a question of whether we can actually forgive some people, or not.

从某种程度来说，每个人都值得被原谅，而同时，原谅的效果和程度又取决于给予谅解的那个人。所以, 作为练习慈悲的修行人，我们的问题就变成：“有没有人是我们永远无法原谅的?”我认为，对于某些特定的人或在一些特定的场合下，原谅的确是很难做到的。所以真正的问题在于我们自己是否能由衷地去原谅他们，而不是这些人是否值得被原谅，因为每个人都值得被原谅。

And it is absolutely possible that sometimes we can’t. Sometimes we can’t forgive and that’s the fact. So that’s why it becomes so important to train our mind in kindness, compassion and mindfulness, through which slowly, slowly and gradually, we may reach a point where suddenly we feel like, “Oh, it’s OK.” At that point we may think, “There’s nothing to do, or accomplish, by not forgiving.” And coming to that kind of conclusion really depends on our practice of working with our mind. It depends on how skillful we are in training our mind.

显然，有时候我们做不到。我们无法原谅，事实就是这样。所以这就是为什么训练自心显得尤为重要，经由这友善、慈悲和正念的练习，我们能逐渐而缓慢地抵达某种状态，然后在某一刻会突然觉得：“这也没什么。”就在那当下，我们会发现：“不原谅，反而什么都做不了。”要获得这样的结论是真的需要我们和自心好好相处的，这取决于我们训练自心的技巧有多娴熟。

Forgiving Skillfully

善巧地原谅

Forgiveness is not only about protecting ourselves from harm, or how we work with a situation in which we have been harmed. We also have to think about the other person––the one who is causing harm. You know, if we excuse someone too easily, then that’s notzgoing to help that person. If we say oh it’s alright and let them off the hook, so to speak, then they may cause more harm, doing the same thing again and again, thinking, “It’s easy to be forgiven.” So you should torture them a little bit, just for a little while. No, I’m just kidding.

不仅仅是为了保护自己免受伤害，或处理一个自己已然受伤的状态，我们才去原谅，我们也需要考虑一下对方——那个制造伤害的人。如果我们轻易地替别人找到借口，这对他是毫无帮助的。如果我们总说没事啦，放过他吧，他们可能会一再地重复同样的行为而造成更多的伤害，因为他们知道原谅得来全不费工夫。所以你应该折磨他们，就折磨一小会儿好了，算了这是玩笑话。

One of my teachers pointed out to me how often teachings on conduct, or how to behave compassionately, are misunderstood. For example, you often hear, “If someone slaps your right cheek, you should show them your left cheek.” You may genuinely have the capacity to endure harm and injustice with patience, which is admirable. But if your thought is to let your attacker slap you again and again, just for the sake of your own good karma (from the Buddhist point of view), or praise from others, or for your own salvation or what-have-you, then that is something else.

我的一位上师曾经指出，那些对于慈悲的引导和如何奉行慈悲的教授常常被误解，比如你经常会听到的：“如果有人扇了你右脸一巴掌，你应该把左脸也凑过去。”或许你真的能耐心地忍受伤害及不公正，虽说这也是值得赞叹的，但如果你想的是为了自己累积善业(从佛教徒的角度)，或为了别人对你的夸赞，或为了自己的救赎等诸如此类而让对方一遍遍地扇你，那么这就是另一码事了。

At that point, you are actually involved more with your own self-interest than with the other person’s well-being. You could say that even though you are not hitting back or shouting, you are not being truly kind. The most helpful thing you could do would be to stop that person from doing further harm and accumulating more negative karma. You’re more concerned with yourself and achieving some kind of badge of mindfulness, compassion and salvation. So in that sense, putting up with someone’s negative or abusive behavior could actually be considered a self-centered view.

就此而言，你其实只在乎自己的利益，而忽略了别人的幸福。即便你没有打回去也没有大喊大叫，这也不是真正的善良。你最需要做的有利之事应该是阻止他不再造成更多伤害而累积恶业。你更在意的是自己，以及得到那些正念、怜悯和救赎的“徽章”，这样的话，那些忍受别人恶意或侮辱的行为也只能被视作是以自我为中心罢了。

And so my teacher said that when someone slaps you on the right cheek, and when they’re coming back to slap you again on the left, you should stop them right there. Grab hold of their hand and stop them from hurting you. That’s an act of compassion. Because then you’re helping that person to stop creating more negative habits, negative tendencies and negative karma.

因此我的上师说，如果有人扇了你的右脸，然后又要来打你的左脸，你应该马上制止，紧紧抓住他的手，让他不再伤害你。这是一种慈悲的行为，因为你以此帮助了那个人不再累积更多不善的习性、癖好及业力。

It’s the same thing with forgiveness. We need to see not only how we can exercise our own compassion and loving kindness, in this noble practice of letting go and forgiveness, but we also need to see how it can help that person who is doing harm. So in Dharma talk, we call this “being timely and skillful.” This means that when we practice forgiveness, it’s important to find the right time to make that gesture, and we need to be skillful about how we do it.

原谅也同样如此。我们不应仅仅关注如何在放下和原谅的修行中训练自己的慈悲与善良，而忽略了如何帮助那个制造伤害的人。法教中称之为“适时与善巧”，意为当我们在修习宽恕的时候，找到适宜的行动时间且运用善巧的行为方式是非常重要的。

Forgiveness: Questions to Contemplate

一些关于原谅的观察修问题

1.Ask yourself, AM I READY OR ABLE TO FORGIVE THIS PERSON? If not, we can continue to work with our mind, to continue to cultivate loving kindness and compassion. Then we can check back and ask ourselves again a while later. It might take a few days, or weeks. In some cases it might be months or even many years before we feel we can forgive someone. And in some cases it isn’t possible for us to do it.

问自己，我真的已经准备好原谅这个人了吗?如果还没有，我们可以继续修心，持续培养善良和慈悲，一段时间后再问问自己同样的问题。可能是几天或几周，或许有些情况下要花几个月或者若干年的时间才会真正觉得能够去原谅，甚至在一些极端情况下我们根本无法做出原谅。

2. If you feel you would like to forgive them, you can ask yourself, WHY AM I FORGIVING THEM? WHAT IS MY MOTIVATION? DO I WANT TO HELP THEM, OR ONLY TO DEVELOP MY OWN PRACTICE? It is important to be honest in answering this for ourselves.

如果你觉得可以原谅那些人了，接着问问自己：我为什么要原谅他们?原谅的动机是什么，是为了帮助他们，还是只为了增上自己的修行?要如实回答这个问题，这对我们很重要。

3. If you have some sense of wishing for their well-being, then you are already beginning to forgive. Ask yourself, HOW CAN I EXPRESS FORGIVENESS SKILLFULLY?WHAT WOULD BE MOST HELPFUL? In many cases it may not be advisable, or even possible, to speak directly to the person who did the harm, but it may be possible to communicate forgiveness in another way, such as through a symbolic gesture that is meaningful to you.

如果你开始产生一些为了他们好的感觉，这才是真正开始原谅了。再问问自己，我如何善巧地表达原谅?怎么做帮助最大?很多情况下，直接去和那个人交谈是不太恰当，甚至不太可能的，但或许用一个对你有象征意义的手势之类的其他方式来表达谅解就有可能了。

If you feel you cannot forgive someone, don’t be hard on yourself. Be kind to yourself and keep practicing, keep working with your mind. Little by little, you may begin to feel different about the situation. But if for now you can’t forgive, don’t worry. Focus on being kind to yourself and others. That is a wonderful way of bringing benefit into the world, whether or not you forgive this particular person, this particular event, or not.

如果你觉得无法原谅某个人，也不要对自己太苛刻。善待自己并持续练习，不断与自心好好相处，慢慢地就会感觉不太一样了。即便此时此刻你无法原谅，也别担心。把注意力集中在善待自己和他人上，不论你是否原谅了眼前的这个人或这件事，这都是一种利益世界的美妙方式。

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