高考英语科目必考知识点整理
2023高考英语科目必考知识点整理
归纳出了英语科目的必考知识点可以帮助我们更好地去复习英语,高考的英语有哪些必考的知识点呢?下面是小编为大家整理的关于高考英语科目必考知识点整理,欢迎大家来阅读。
高考英语必考点总结
十六种时态:
一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时;
现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时;
现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时;
现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来完成进行时.
一、一般现在时:take形式为原形
例子:It take sme five years to finish the painting。
这幅画花了我十年功夫
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语:always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),once a week,on Sundays,
3.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)
二、一般过去时:take形式为took.
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,lastweek,last(year,night,month…),in1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once up on a time,etc.
3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词的过去式
三、现在进行时:take形式为am/is/are taking
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing
四、过去进行时:take形式为was/were+taking
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构:was/were+doing
五、现在完成时:take形式为have/has+taken
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:recently,lately,since…for…,in the past few years,etc.
3.基本结构:have/has+done
六、过去完成时:take形式为had+taken
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:before,by theendoflastyear(term,month…),etc.
3.基本结构:had+done.
七、一般将来时:take形式为:am/is/are/goingto+take;will/shall+take
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.
3.基本结构:am/is/are/goingto+do;will/shall+do.
八、过去将来时:take形式为:was/were/goingto+take;would/should+take
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.
3.基本结构:was/were/goingto+do;would/should+do.
九、将来完成时:take形式为:begoingto/will/shall+havetaken
1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态
2.时间状语:bythetimeof;bytheendof+时间短语(将来);bythetime+从句(将来)
3.基本结构:begoingto/will/shall+havedone
十、现在完成进行时:take形式为:have/has+been+taking
1.概念:在过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直持续到说话为止
2.基本结构:have/has+been+doing
十一、过去将来完成时:take形式为:should/wouldhavetaken
基本构成形式:should/would+havedone
十二、将来进行时。:take形式为:shall/willbe+taking
基本够成形式::shall/willbe+doing
十三、过去将来进行时:take形式为:should/wouldbe+taking
基本够成形式:should/wouldbe+doing
十四、过去完成进行时:take形式为:hadbeen+taking
基本够成形式:hadbeen+doing
十五、将来完成进行时:take形式为:shall/willhavebeen+taking
基本够成形式:shall/willhavebeen+doing
十六、过去将来完成进行时:take形式为:should/wouldhavebeen+taking
基本够成形式:should/wouldhavebeen+doing
高考的英语必考点
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)
who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
whom 指人在从句中作宾语
whose 指人或物在从句中作定语
as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语
注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词
2、as 的用法
(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个
the same…that 表示同一个
(2)as与which的区别
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况
1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时
2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.
3、 当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时.
6、 当先行词既指人又指物时。
7、如有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个关系代词则宜用 that。
8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。
9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。
10、先行词为what,关系代词用that。
11、有时为了避免重复而使用that引导定语从句。
三、只用which不用that的情况
1、 当介词放在关系代词之前时。
2、 在非限制性定语从句中。
3、 当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。
高考英语必考知识
1.名词的单复数
规则变化+s/es、不规则变化(mouse-mice)、单复数同形、同一词在不同意义下有可能可数有可能不可数
2.名词所有格
‘s(表示有生命:Lily’s desk)、of所有格(表示无生命the window of the room)
3.名词修饰语
只修饰可数名词(each、every、a great many)、只修饰不可数名词(little、a little、 alarge amount of)、都可以修饰(some、alot of、plenty of)
4.不定冠词(a/an单数不特指);定冠词(the/this/that/these/those表特定)
5.such的用法
such作限定词和all,no,any,some,other,anther等词连用时,such放后面。
如果such修饰单数可数名词,且与不定冠词连用时需置于其前;such前有no时不用冠词。
6.so的用法
在believe,think,expect,suppose等词后用so代替前文提出的观点
在肯定句中表示与上文相同的情况,如:So do I.
7.all和both的用法
all三者或三者以上全部都,both二者都。all指整体或抽象事物时当做单数,指人时当做复数。both做主语时,谓语动词用复数。
8.many修饰或替代可数名词,much修饰或替代不可数名词
many a 许多(谓语动词用单数)
a good/greatmany很多
as many as/asmuch as一样多、差不多
9.little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词
a little有一点,修饰不可数名词
few几乎没有,修饰可数名词
a few有一点,修饰可数名词
10.形容词比较级最高级
原级比较:…is as good asmine.
表示少于或超过另一方:fewer than, morethan
易混淆短语:as well as也…既…
as far as就…而言
11.比较级常见错误:
用much表强调时的误用
She looks more younger than I.(×)
She looks much younger than I.(√)
12.介词短语重点
except for除了
in place of代替
on behalf of代表
but for要不是
in front of在…前面
13.介词across, over, through, past四个常考介词的区别
across 横穿穿越,发生在物体表面
over 跨过越过,发生在物体上方
through 穿过,发生在某物空间内
past 从旁经过
14.易混淆的介词短语
in all总共
after all毕竟
at all根本,常用在否定句中表强调
above all最重要的是,尤其是
15.序数词前一定要加定冠词the,改错常考,序数词与基数词连用时,序数词放在前面,如the first one。
16.will和would的用法(常考)
will常与第二人称you连用,表示征求对方意见,will you/won’t you?
would更委婉客气一些,常用短语:would like to dowould rather宁愿
英语高考重要知识点
助动词
1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:
He doesn′t like English.他不喜欢英语。
(doesn′t是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a. 表示时态。例如:
He is singing.他在唱歌。(北京安通学校提供)
He has got married.他已结婚。
b. 表示语态。例如:
He was sent to England.他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句。例如:
Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。例如:
I don′t like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气。例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3) 最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。
3 助动词be的用法
1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态。例如:
They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。
English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。(北京安通学校提供)
2)be + 过去分词,构成被动语态。例如:
The window was broken by Tom..窗户是汤姆打碎的。
高考英语学科重点
英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如:
She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。)
一. 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。
Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语:少说多看)
Don't leave such an important thing undone.
Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.
二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。
1.注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:
A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"
eg: I have had my bike repaired.
The villagers had many trees planted just then.
B)表"遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 损失"
Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.
The old man had his leg broken in the accident.
He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)
2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如:
They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.
I raised my voice to make myself heard.
三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如
When we got to school,we saw the door locked.
We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.
He felt himself cheated.
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET2000)
四、过去分词用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望,愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如
The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.
I would like my house painted white.
I want the suit made to his own measure.
I wish the problem settled.
五、过去分词用在“with +宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如:
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.
With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden.
With everything well arranged,he left the office.
六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
过去分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。
不定式作宾补:表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。
eg:He didn't notice me waiting.
I heard the song sung in English.
I saw him opening the window.
I saw the window opened.
I saw him open the window.
I heard her sing the song in English.
高考英语的重难点
一、不定式做主语:
1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。===动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (对等)
注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数
2). 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语,但possible可以用不定式作真实主语, 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
高考英语必背语法知识点
什么是副词?
指出句中的副词:
1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修饰副词“farther”表示程度 farther修饰动词“move”表示方式
2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修饰动词goes,表示频度、频率
3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim. Unfortunately修饰整个句子
4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修饰形容词,表示程度修饰形容词hot,修饰形容词